वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-22, verse-2

निपेतुस्तुरगास्तस्य रथयुक्ता महाजवाः ।
समे पुष्पचिते देशे राजमार्गे यदृच्छया ॥२॥

2. nipetusturagāstasya rathayuktā mahājavāḥ ,
same puṣpacite deśe rājamārge yadṛcchayā.

2. nipetuḥ turagāḥ tasya rathayuktāḥ mahājavāḥ
same puṣpacite deśe rājamārge yadṛcchayā

2. tasya mahājavāḥ rathayuktāḥ turagāḥ same
puṣpacite rājamārge deśe yadṛcchayā nipetuḥ

2. His exceedingly swift horses, yoked to the chariot, fell down by chance upon the level, flower-strewn royal highway.

Words meanings summery:

• निपेतुः (nipetuḥ) - they fell down

• तुरगाः (turagāḥ) - horses

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, its

• रथयुक्ताः (rathayuktāḥ) - yoked to a chariot, chariot-harnessed

• महाजवाः (mahājavāḥ) - of great speed, very swift

• समे (same) - on a level, even, smooth

• पुष्पचिते (puṣpacite) - flower-strewn, flower-covered

• देशे (deśe) - on a place, ground, region

• राजमार्गे (rājamārge) - on the royal road, highway

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, arbitrarily

Words meanings and morphology

निपेतुः (nipetuḥ) - they fell down

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ni-pat

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

तुरगाः (turagāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of turaga

turaga - horse (lit. 'going swiftly')

Compound type : upapada-tatpurusha (tura+ga)

• tura – speed, swiftness
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, moving on
  adjective (masculine)
  From root gam
  Root: gam (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

रथयुक्ताः (rathayuktāḥ) - yoked to a chariot, chariot-harnessed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathayukta

rathayukta - yoked to a chariot, harnessed to a chariot

Past Passive Participle

yukta from root yuj

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+yukta)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• yukta – yoked, joined, connected, harnessed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yuj (to yoke, to join)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

महाजवाः (mahājavāḥ) - of great speed, very swift

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahājava

mahājava - of great speed, very swift

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+java)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• java – speed, swiftness, velocity
  noun (masculine)

समे (same) - on a level, even, smooth

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sama

sama - even, level, smooth, equal, similar

पुष्पचिते (puṣpacite) - flower-strewn, flower-covered

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of puṣpacita

puṣpacita - strewn with flowers, covered with flowers

Past Passive Participle

cita from root ci (to gather, pile up, strew)

Compound type : tatpurusha (puṣpa+cita)

• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
• cita – piled, heaped, covered, strewn
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ci (to gather, to strew)
  Root: ci (class 5)

देशे (deśe) - on a place, ground, region

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, spot, region, country

राजमार्गे (rājamārge) - on the royal road, highway

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rājamārga

rājamārga - king's road, royal road, high road, highway

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+mārga)

• rājan – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
• mārga – road, path, way
  noun (masculine)

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, arbitrarily

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - freedom of will, independence, by chance, voluntarily