वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-22, verse-20

तारा अपि शरैस्तीक्ष्णैः पातयेयं नभस्तलात् ।
मृत्युं मरणधर्मेण संक्रुद्धो योजयाम्यहम् ॥२०॥

20. tārā api śaraistīkṣṇaiḥ pātayeyaṃ nabhastalāt ,
mṛtyuṃ maraṇadharmeṇa saṃkruddho yojayāmyaham.

20. tārāḥ api śaraiḥ tīkṣṇaiḥ pātayeyam nabhastalāt
| mṛtyum maraṇadharmeṇa saṃkruddhaḥ yojayāmi aham

20. aham api tīkṣṇaiḥ śaraiḥ tārāḥ nabhastalāt pātayeyam
aham saṃkruddhaḥ maraṇadharmeṇa mṛtyum yojayāmi

20. Even the stars I could make fall from the sky with sharp arrows. I, being exceedingly enraged, would apply death through the intrinsic nature (dharma) of mortality.

Words meanings summery:

• ताराः (tārāḥ) - stars

• अपि (api) - even, also

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - sharp, keen

• पातयेयम् (pātayeyam) - I would fell, I could make fall

• नभस्तलात् (nabhastalāt) - from the sky, from the firmament

• मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death

• मरणधर्मेण (maraṇadharmeṇa) - by the intrinsic nature of mortality, by the law of death

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - exceedingly enraged, extremely angry

• योजयामि (yojayāmi) - I cause to be joined, I apply, I connect

• अहम् (aham) - I

Words meanings and morphology

ताराः (tārāḥ) - stars

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of tārā

tārā - star, pupil of the eye

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that even something as remote as stars can be brought down.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Means of action for 'pātayeyam'.

तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - sharp, keen

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, pungent, fierce

Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.

पातयेयम् (pātayeyam) - I would fell, I could make fall

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of pat

optative causative

1st person singular, optative tense, active voice, from the causative stem 'pātaya' of root 'pat' (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

नभस्तलात् (nabhastalāt) - from the sky, from the firmament

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of nabhastala

nabhastala - sky, firmament, expanse of the atmosphere

Compound of 'nabhas' (sky, atmosphere) and 'tala' (surface, flat ground).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nabhas+tala)

• nabhas – sky, atmosphere, heaven
  noun (neuter)
• tala – surface, flat ground, plain, bottom
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the source from which the stars are made to fall.

मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, mortality

From root 'mṛ' (to die).

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Direct object of 'yojayāmi'.

मरणधर्मेण (maraṇadharmeṇa) - by the intrinsic nature of mortality, by the law of death

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of maraṇadharma

maraṇadharma - the law of death, intrinsic nature (dharma) of mortality

Compound of 'maraṇa' (dying, death) and 'dharma' (natural law, constitution).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (maraṇa+dharma)

• maraṇa – death, dying
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'mṛ' (to die).
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means or condition by which death is applied.

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - exceedingly enraged, extremely angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - enraged, greatly angered, very wrathful

past passive participle

From root 'krudh' (to be angry) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'aham', describing the state of the speaker.

योजयामि (yojayāmi) - I cause to be joined, I apply, I connect

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yojay

present indicative causative

1st person singular, present tense, active voice, from the causative stem 'yojaya' of root 'yuj' (to join).

Root: yuj (class 7)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

1st person pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'yojayāmi'.