वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-1, verse-12

पितुराज्ञां पुरस्कृत्य पौरकार्याणि सर्वशः ।
चकार रामो धर्मात्मा प्रियाणि च हितानि च ॥१२॥

12. piturājñāṃ puraskṛtya paurakāryāṇi sarvaśaḥ ,
cakāra rāmo dharmātmā priyāṇi ca hitāni ca.

12. pituḥ ājñām puraskṛtya paurakāryāṇi sarvaśaḥ
cakāra rāmaḥ dharmātmā priyāṇi ca hitāni ca

12. dharmātmā rāmaḥ pituḥ ājñām puraskṛtya sarvaśaḥ
paurakāryāṇi priyāṇi ca hitāni ca cakāra

12. The righteous-souled Rama, placing his father's command foremost, carried out all the civic duties, performing what was both pleasing and beneficial.

Words meanings summery:

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

• आज्ञाम् (ājñām) - command, order

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, honoring, making foremost

• पौरकार्याणि (paurakāryāṇi) - civic duties, duties of citizens

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely, completely, in all respects

• चकार (cakāra) - he did, he made, he performed

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (a proper name)

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous-souled, whose nature is righteousness

• प्रियाणि (priyāṇi) - pleasing things, dear things

• च (ca) - and

• हितानि (hitāni) - beneficial things, good things

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

आज्ञाम् (ājñām) - command, order

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ājñā

ājñā - command, order, instruction

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, honoring, making foremost

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from puras + kṛ + ya

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पौरकार्याणि (paurakāryāṇi) - civic duties, duties of citizens

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of paurakārya

paurakārya - civic duty, matter concerning citizens

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paura+kārya)

• paura – of or belonging to a city/town, citizen
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from purī (city)
• kārya – to be done, duty, action
  noun (neuter)
  gerundive
  derived from root kṛ with suffix -ya
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely, completely, in all respects

(indeclinable)

suffix -śas (denoting 'in every respect' or 'each')

चकार (cakāra) - he did, he made, he performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a celebrated king, son of Dasharatha)

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous-souled, whose nature is righteousness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - one whose nature is righteousness, righteous-souled

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

प्रियाणि (priyāṇi) - pleasing things, dear things

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing

Note: Used substantively as 'pleasing things'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'priyāṇi' and 'hitāni'.

हितानि (hitāni) - beneficial things, good things

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of hita

hita - beneficial, good, advantageous

past passive participle

from root dhā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Used substantively as 'beneficial things'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'priyāṇi' and 'hitāni'.