मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-110, verse-37
वयमेतन्न जानीमः कारणं नृपनन्दन ।
यथा भविष्यतीदं च निवर्त्त रणकर्मतः ॥३७॥
यथा भविष्यतीदं च निवर्त्त रणकर्मतः ॥३७॥
37. vayametanna jānīmaḥ kāraṇaṃ nṛpanandana .
yathā bhaviṣyatīdaṃ ca nivartta raṇakarmataḥ.
yathā bhaviṣyatīdaṃ ca nivartta raṇakarmataḥ.
37.
vayam etat na jānīmaḥ kāraṇam nṛpanandana
yathā bhaviṣyati idam ca nivartta raṇakarmataḥ
yathā bhaviṣyati idam ca nivartta raṇakarmataḥ
37.
O prince, we do not know the reason why this will come to pass and how it will cease from the act of war.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- वयम् (vayam) - we
- एतत् (etat) - referring to the situation or consequence (this, that)
- न (na) - not, no
- जानीमः (jānīmaḥ) - we know
- कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason, cause, motive
- नृपनन्दन (nṛpanandana) - Addressed to the listener, implied to be a prince. (O son of a king, O prince)
- यथा (yathā) - how (interrogative sense within the clause) (how, as, in which manner)
- भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - it will be, it will happen
- इदम् (idam) - referring to the current situation or event. (this, this one)
- च (ca) - and, also
- निवर्त्त (nivartta) - how it will cease or come to an end (to cease, to turn back, to desist)
- रणकर्मतः (raṇakarmataḥ) - from the action of war, from battle, by means of battle
Words meanings and morphology
वयम् (vayam) - we
(pronoun)
Nominative, plural of asmad
asmad - I, me, we, us
एतत् (etat) - referring to the situation or consequence (this, that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of etat
etat - this
Note: Also nominative singular neuter, but contextually accusative as object of 'jānīmaḥ'.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
जानीमः (jānīmaḥ) - we know
(verb)
1st person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of jñā
Present active indicative
From root 'jñā' (9th class), parasmaipada, 1st person plural. 'jānī' is the strengthened stem.
Root: jñā (class 9)
कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason, cause, motive
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa
kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument
Root: kṛ
Note: Also nominative singular neuter, but contextually accusative as object of 'jānīmaḥ'.
नृपनन्दन (nṛpanandana) - Addressed to the listener, implied to be a prince. (O son of a king, O prince)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpanandana
nṛpanandana - son of a king, prince
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+nandana)
- nṛpa – king, ruler
noun (masculine)
Root: nṛ - nandana – son, causing joy
noun (masculine)
From root 'nand' (to rejoice) + 'ana' suffix
Root: nand (class 1)
यथा (yathā) - how (interrogative sense within the clause) (how, as, in which manner)
(indeclinable)
भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - it will be, it will happen
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, future indicative (lṛṭ) of bhū
Future active indicative
From root 'bhū' (1st class), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular. 'bhaviṣya' is the stem.
Root: bhū (class 1)
इदम् (idam) - referring to the current situation or event. (this, this one)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this
Note: Also accusative singular neuter, but contextually nominative here as subject of 'bhaviṣyati' and 'nivartta'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
निवर्त्त (nivartta) - how it will cease or come to an end (to cease, to turn back, to desist)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active/middle, present indicative (laṭ) of nivart
Present active/middle, 3rd person singular (as a variant of 'nivartate'), or an injunctive/archaic form for 'it should cease'/'it ceases'.
From root 'vṛt' (1st class) with prefix 'ni'. The exact ending 'ta' or 'tta' is unusual for a standard present tense finite verb form. It might be an archaic present stem or a textual variant or poetic license for 'nivartate' (present middle 3rd singular) or 'nivarteta' (optative 3rd singular). Contextually, paralleling 'bhaviṣyati', it takes on a future sense of 'it will cease'.
Prefix: ni
Root: vṛt (class 1)
रणकर्मतः (raṇakarmataḥ) - from the action of war, from battle, by means of battle
(indeclinable)
Ablative suffix 'taḥ' added to the compound noun 'raṇakarman'.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+karman)
- raṇa – battle, war
noun (masculine/neuter)
Root: raṇ (class 1) - karman – action, deed, ritual, work, (karma)
noun (neuter)
From root 'kṛ' (to do) + 'man' suffix
Root: kṛ
Note: 'taḥ' suffix indicates ablative sense 'from'.