मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-110, verse-28
ततो युद्धमभूत्तस्य भूभुजः स्वसुतेन यत् ।
राजपुत्रेण शस्त्रास्त्रैस्तत्रातिशयितः पिता ॥२८॥
राजपुत्रेण शस्त्रास्त्रैस्तत्रातिशयितः पिता ॥२८॥
28. tato yuddhamabhūttasya bhūbhujaḥ svasutena yat .
rājaputreṇa śastrāstraistatrātiśayitaḥ pitā.
rājaputreṇa śastrāstraistatrātiśayitaḥ pitā.
28.
tataḥ yuddham abhūt tasya bhūbhujaḥ svasutena yat
rājaputreṇa śastrāstraiḥ tatra atiśayitaḥ pitā
rājaputreṇa śastrāstraiḥ tatra atiśayitaḥ pitā
28.
Then a battle ensued between that king and his own son. In that (conflict), the father was surpassed by the prince, who wielded weapons and missile-skills.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, after that
- युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war
- अभूत् (abhūt) - was, occurred, happened
- तस्य (tasya) - of the king (his, of that)
- भूभुजः (bhūbhujaḥ) - of the king, of the ruler
- स्वसुतेन (svasutena) - by Nābhāga, the king's son (by his own son)
- यत् (yat) - which, because, that
- राजपुत्रेण (rājaputreṇa) - by Nābhāga (by the prince, by the king's son)
- शस्त्रास्त्रैः (śastrāstraiḥ) - by weapons and missiles
- तत्र (tatra) - in that battle/conflict (there, in that place, in that matter)
- अतिशयितः (atiśayitaḥ) - surpassed, excelled, overcome
- पिता (pitā) - father
Words meanings and morphology
ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, after that
(indeclinable)
Suffix -tas added to pronoun base 'ta'
युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha
yuddha - battle, fight
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'yudh' with kta suffix
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Subject of 'abhūt'.
अभूत् (abhūt) - was, occurred, happened
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, aorist (Luṅ) of bhū
Aorist Tense
Aorist 3rd person singular active parasmaipada of root 'bhū'
Root: bhū (class 1)
तस्य (tasya) - of the king (his, of that)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the king 'bhūbhujaḥ'.
भूभुजः (bhūbhujaḥ) - of the king, of the ruler
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of bhūbhuj
bhūbhuj - king, ruler of the earth
From 'bhū' (earth) and 'bhuj' (to enjoy, rule) with suffix kvip. One who rules the earth.
Compound type : tatpurusha (bhū+bhuj)
- bhū – earth, land
noun (feminine) - bhuj – enjoyer, ruler
noun (masculine)
Root: bhuj (class 7)
Note: Co-refers with 'tasya'.
स्वसुतेन (svasutena) - by Nābhāga, the king's son (by his own son)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of svasuta
svasuta - one's own son
Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+suta)
- sva – own, one's own
pronoun (masculine) - suta – son, offspring
noun (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'sū' (to produce, beget) with kta suffix
Root: sū (class 2)
Note: Denotes the opponent in battle.
यत् (yat) - which, because, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, who, what, that
Note: Introduces a subordinate clause or specifies the battle.
राजपुत्रेण (rājaputreṇa) - by Nābhāga (by the prince, by the king's son)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājaputra
rājaputra - king's son, prince
Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+putra)
- rājan – king
noun (masculine) - putra – son
noun (masculine)
Note: Agent of 'atiśayitaḥ'.
शस्त्रास्त्रैः (śastrāstraiḥ) - by weapons and missiles
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of śastrāstra
śastrāstra - weapons and missiles
Compound type : dvandva (śastra+astra)
- śastra – weapon (thrown by hand), sword
noun (neuter) - astra – missile, projectile weapon (discharged by mantra)
noun (neuter)
Note: Instrumental, indicates the means by which the father was surpassed.
तत्र (tatra) - in that battle/conflict (there, in that place, in that matter)
(indeclinable)
Suffix -tra added to pronoun base 'ta'
Note: Refers to the context of the battle.
अतिशयितः (atiśayitaḥ) - surpassed, excelled, overcome
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of atiśayita
atiśayita - surpassed, excelled, prominent
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'śī' (to lie) with upasarga 'ati' and causative 'śāy' with kta suffix, meaning to make something excel or go beyond
Prefix: ati
Root: śī (class 2)
Note: Predicate adjective for 'pitā'.
पिता (pitā) - father
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father
Note: Subject of 'atiśayitaḥ'.