मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-110, verse-27
स श्रुत्वा निहतं सैन्यं राजपुत्रेण भूपतिः ।
स्वयमेव ययौ योद्धुं स्वसैन्यपरिवारितः ॥२७॥
स्वयमेव ययौ योद्धुं स्वसैन्यपरिवारितः ॥२७॥
27. sa śrutvā nihataṃ sainyaṃ rājaputreṇa bhūpatiḥ .
svayameva yayau yoddhuṃ svasainyaparivāritaḥ.
svayameva yayau yoddhuṃ svasainyaparivāritaḥ.
27.
sa śrutvā nihatam sainyam rājaputreṇa bhūpatiḥ
svayam eva yayau yoddhum svasainyaparivāritaḥ
svayam eva yayau yoddhum svasainyaparivāritaḥ
27.
Having heard that his army had been killed by the prince, the king himself went to fight, accompanied by his own army.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स (sa) - he, that
- श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing
- निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, slain, struck down
- सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army
- राजपुत्रेण (rājaputreṇa) - by Nābhāga (by the prince, by the king's son)
- भूपतिः (bhūpatiḥ) - king, ruler of the earth
- स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, by himself, personally
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
- ययौ (yayau) - went, proceeded
- योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight, in order to fight
- स्वसैन्यपरिवारितः (svasainyaparivāritaḥ) - surrounded by his own army, accompanied by his own army
Words meanings and morphology
स (sa) - he, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to 'bhūpatiḥ'.
श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Absolutive form of root 'śru' with suffix -tvā
Root: śru (class 5)
Note: Denotes an action completed before the main verb.
निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, slain, struck down
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of nihata
nihata - killed, struck down
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with upasarga 'ni' and kta suffix
Prefix: ni
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.
सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya
sainya - army, host
Note: Object of 'śrutvā' (what was heard).
राजपुत्रेण (rājaputreṇa) - by Nābhāga (by the prince, by the king's son)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājaputra
rājaputra - king's son, prince
Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+putra)
- rājan – king
noun (masculine) - putra – son
noun (masculine)
Note: Agent of 'nihatam'.
भूपतिः (bhūpatiḥ) - king, ruler of the earth
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūpati
bhūpati - king, lord of the earth
Compound type : tatpurusha (bhū+pati)
- bhū – earth, land
noun (feminine) - pati – lord, master, husband
noun (masculine)
Note: Main subject of the sentence.
स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, by himself, personally
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasizes the agent 'bhūpatiḥ'.
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle, intensifying 'svayam'.
ययौ (yayau) - went, proceeded
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of yā
Perfect Tense
Perfect 3rd person singular active parasmaipada of root 'yā'
Root: yā (class 2)
Note: Main verb of the sentence.
योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight, in order to fight
(indeclinable)
Infinitive
Infinitive form of root 'yudh' with suffix -tum
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Expresses purpose.
स्वसैन्यपरिवारितः (svasainyaparivāritaḥ) - surrounded by his own army, accompanied by his own army
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of svasainyaparivārita
svasainyaparivārita - surrounded by his own army
Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+sainya+parivārita)
- sva – own, one's own
pronoun (masculine) - sainya – army, host
noun (neuter) - parivārita – surrounded, encompassed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'vṛ' (to cover) with upasarga 'pari' and causative 'vāray' with kta suffix
Prefix: pari
Root: vṛ (class 5)
Note: Agrees with 'bhūpatiḥ'.