मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-110, verse-13
राजपुत्र उवाच ।
प्रष्टव्या सर्वकार्येषु गुरवो गुरुवर्तिभिः ।
न त्वीदृशेष्वकार्येषु गुरूणां वाक्यगोचरः ॥१३॥
प्रष्टव्या सर्वकार्येषु गुरवो गुरुवर्तिभिः ।
न त्वीदृशेष्वकार्येषु गुरूणां वाक्यगोचरः ॥१३॥
13. rājaputra uvāca .
praṣṭavyā sarvakāryeṣu guravo guruvartibhiḥ .
na tvīdṛśeṣvakāryeṣu gurūṇāṃ vākyagocaraḥ.
praṣṭavyā sarvakāryeṣu guravo guruvartibhiḥ .
na tvīdṛśeṣvakāryeṣu gurūṇāṃ vākyagocaraḥ.
13.
rājaputraḥ uvāca praṣṭavyā sarvakāryeṣu guravaḥ
guruvartibhiḥ na tu īdṛśeṣu akāryeṣu gurūṇāṃ vākyagocaraḥ
guruvartibhiḥ na tu īdṛśeṣu akāryeṣu gurūṇāṃ vākyagocaraḥ
13.
The prince said: "Teachers should be consulted by those who respect them in all matters. But such improper topics are not within the purview of a teacher's advice."
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- राजपुत्रः (rājaputraḥ) - The prince (speaking) (prince, son of a king)
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- प्रष्टव्या (praṣṭavyā) - should be asked, ought to be questioned
- सर्वकार्येषु (sarvakāryeṣu) - in all matters, in all affairs
- गुरवः (guravaḥ) - teachers, elders, respected persons
- गुरुवर्तिभिः (guruvartibhiḥ) - by those who respect teachers, by those who follow elders
- न (na) - not, no
- तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
- ईदृशेषु (īdṛśeṣu) - in such, in such like, in like manner
- अकार्येषु (akāryeṣu) - in inappropriate topics (like those related to love) (in improper matters, in wrong actions)
- गुरूणां (gurūṇāṁ) - of teachers, of elders
- वाक्यगोचरः (vākyagocaraḥ) - the purview of their advice (scope of words, subject of speech)
Words meanings and morphology
राजपुत्रः (rājaputraḥ) - The prince (speaking) (prince, son of a king)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājaputra
rājaputra - son of a king, prince
Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+putra)
- rājan – king
noun (masculine) - putra – son
noun (masculine)
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac
Perfect Active
Perfect 3rd person singular active of √vac (irregular, v-u change)
Root: vac (class 2)
प्रष्टव्या (praṣṭavyā) - should be asked, ought to be questioned
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of praṣṭavya
praṣṭavya - to be asked, fit to be questioned
Gerundive
Formed from √praś (to ask) with suffix -tavya
Root: praś (class 6)
Note: Gerundive form, functioning as a predicate adjective agreeing with `guravaḥ`. The form `praṣṭavyā` (feminine nominative plural) is sometimes used in place of masculine nominative plural `praṣṭavyāḥ` or as a general predicate.
सर्वकार्येषु (sarvakāryeṣu) - in all matters, in all affairs
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of sarvakārya
sarvakārya - all affairs, all duties
Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+kārya)
- sarva – all, every
adjective - kārya – action, duty, affair
noun (neuter)
Gerundive
From √kṛ with -ya, meaning 'what is to be done'
Root: kṛ (class 8)
गुरवः (guravaḥ) - teachers, elders, respected persons
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of guru
guru - teacher, elder, respected person
गुरुवर्तिभिः (guruvartibhiḥ) - by those who respect teachers, by those who follow elders
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of guruvartin
guruvartin - one who behaves respectfully towards a guru, one who follows the conduct of a guru
From guru + vartin
Compound type : tatpurusha (guru+vartin)
- guru – teacher, elder
noun (masculine) - vartin – dwelling, existing, acting, following
adjective
Agent noun
Agent noun from √vṛt (to be, exist, act) with -in
Root: vṛt (class 1)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
(indeclinable)
ईदृशेषु (īdṛśeṣu) - in such, in such like, in like manner
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, plural of īdṛśa
īdṛśa - such, of this kind, like this
From idam (this) + dṛś (like)
Note: Agrees with `akāryeṣu`.
अकार्येषु (akāryeṣu) - in inappropriate topics (like those related to love) (in improper matters, in wrong actions)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of akārya
akārya - not to be done, improper action, wrong deed
Gerundive (negative)
Negative compound (nañ-tatpurusha) of kārya. Kārya is gerundive from √kṛ, 'to be done'
Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+kārya)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - kārya – action, duty, affair
noun (neuter)
Gerundive
From √kṛ with -ya, meaning 'what is to be done'
Root: kṛ (class 8)
गुरूणां (gurūṇāṁ) - of teachers, of elders
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of guru
guru - teacher, elder, respected person
वाक्यगोचरः (vākyagocaraḥ) - the purview of their advice (scope of words, subject of speech)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vākyagocara
vākyagocara - scope of speech, subject of words
Compound type : tatpurusha (vākya+gocara)
- vākya – word, speech, sentence
noun (neuter)
From √vac (to speak) with suffix -ya, 'what is spoken'
Root: vac (class 2) - gocara – range, scope, domain, object, pasture
noun (masculine)
From go (sense organ) + cara (moving), 'that which moves before the senses'
Root: car (class 1)