मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-110, verse-32
तथैव क्षत्रियसुतां क्षत्रियः पूर्वमुद्वहन् ।
इतरे च ततो राजंश्च्यवते न स्वधर्मतः ॥३२॥
इतरे च ततो राजंश्च्यवते न स्वधर्मतः ॥३२॥
32. tathaiva kṣatriyasutāṃ kṣatriyaḥ pūrvamudvahan .
itare ca tato rājaṃścyavate na svadharmataḥ.
itare ca tato rājaṃścyavate na svadharmataḥ.
32.
tatha eva kṣatriyasutām kṣatriyaḥ pūrvam udvahan
itare ca tataḥ rājan cyavate na svadharmataḥ
itare ca tataḥ rājan cyavate na svadharmataḥ
32.
Similarly, O king, a Kṣatriya, when first marrying a Kṣatriya daughter and subsequently (marrying) others, does not deviate from his own natural law (svadharma).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तथ (tatha) - so, thus, in that manner
- एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, truly
- क्षत्रियसुताम् (kṣatriyasutām) - a Kṣatriya daughter
- क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a Kṣatriya (male)
- पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first, previously, at first
- उद्वहन् (udvahan) - marrying, carrying, taking away
- इतरे (itare) - other (women, implying other caste women) (other (plural))
- च (ca) - and, also
- ततः (tataḥ) - subsequently, after that (first marriage) (then, thereupon, from that)
- राजन् (rājan) - O king
- च्यवते (cyavate) - falls away, deviates, loses
- न (na) - not
- स्वधर्मतः (svadharmataḥ) - from his own natural law (dharma), from his own duty
Words meanings and morphology
तथ (tatha) - so, thus, in that manner
(indeclinable)
Note: Part of compound 'tathaiva'.
एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, truly
(indeclinable)
Note: Part of compound 'tathaiva'.
क्षत्रियसुताम् (kṣatriyasutām) - a Kṣatriya daughter
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of kṣatriyasutā
kṣatriyasutā - daughter of a Kṣatriya
Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣatriya+sutā)
- kṣatriya – a member of the warrior/ruling class
noun (masculine) - sutā – daughter
noun (feminine)
Note: Object of 'udvahan'.
क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a Kṣatriya (male)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya
kṣatriya - a member of the warrior/ruling class
Note: Subject of the sentence.
पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first, previously, at first
(indeclinable)
उद्वहन् (udvahan) - marrying, carrying, taking away
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of udvah
udvah - to marry, to carry away, to take (a wife)
Present active participle
Prefix ud- + root vah, present active participle, masculine singular nominative
Prefix: ud
Root: vah (class 1)
Note: Adjectival use, modifying 'kṣatriyaḥ'.
इतरे (itare) - other (women, implying other caste women) (other (plural))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of itara
itara - other, another
Note: Can be considered nominative plural masculine or neuter. Here, it likely refers to 'other women' in context of marriage.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the act of marrying Kṣatriya woman first with marrying others later.
ततः (tataḥ) - subsequently, after that (first marriage) (then, thereupon, from that)
(indeclinable)
Suffix -tas affixed to pronoun base ta-
राजन् (rājan) - O king
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king
च्यवते (cyavate) - falls away, deviates, loses
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of cyu
Present middle voice third person singular
Root √cyu (class 1, often used in middle voice), present tense
Root: cyu (class 1)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
स्वधर्मतः (svadharmataḥ) - from his own natural law (dharma), from his own duty
(indeclinable)
Derived from svadharma with suffix -tas (ablative sense)
Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+dharma)
- sva – own, self
pronoun - dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
noun (masculine)
Note: The suffix -tas provides an ablative sense: "from one's own dharma".