महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-39, verse-7

तत्राश्चर्यमपश्याम बाणभूते तथाविधे ।
न स्म संपतते भूमौ दृष्ट्वा द्रौणेः पराक्रमम् ॥७॥

7. tatrāścaryamapaśyāma bāṇabhūte tathāvidhe ,
na sma saṁpatate bhūmau dṛṣṭvā drauṇeḥ parākramam.

7. tatra āścaryam apaśyāma bāṇabhūte tathāvidhe na
sma saṃpatate bhūmau dṛṣṭvā drauṇeḥ parākramam

7. tatra apaśyāma āścaryam tathāvidhe bāṇabhūte
drauṇeḥ parākramam dṛṣṭvā bhūmau na sma saṃpatate

7. There we witnessed a wonder: even though it had become a field of arrows of that nature (so dense), and upon seeing Aśvatthāman's (Drauṇi) valor (parākrama), not a single arrow fell to the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that place

• आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - wonder, marvel, surprise

• अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we saw, we beheld

• बाणभूते (bāṇabhūte) - in that state where the battlefield had become arrows (in the state of having become arrows)

• तथाविधे (tathāvidhe) - of such a kind, of that nature

• न (na) - not, no

• स्म (sma) - particle used with present tense to denote past action

• संपतते (saṁpatate) - falls down, lands

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• द्रौणेः (drauṇeḥ) - of Drauṇi, of Aśvatthāman

• पराक्रमम् (parākramam) - valor, prowess, might

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that place

(indeclinable)

आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - wonder, marvel, surprise

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āścarya

āścarya - wonder, marvel, surprise

From `ā-ścary-a`.

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of 'apaśyāma'.

अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we saw, we beheld

(verb)

1st person , plural, Active, Imperfect (laṅ) of paś

The root `dṛś` (to see) forms `paśya` in the present stem. This is an imperfect tense, 1st person plural, active voice form.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

बाणभूते (bāṇabhūte) - in that state where the battlefield had become arrows (in the state of having become arrows)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of bāṇabhūta

bāṇabhūta - having become arrows, consisting of arrows

Compound of `bāṇa` (arrow) and `bhūta` (past passive participle of `bhū`, to become).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāṇa+bhūta)

• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: baṇ (class 1)
• bhūta – become, been, existed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √bhū (to be, to become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: In a locative absolute construction, modifying an implied noun (e.g., 'kṣetre' - in the field).

तथाविधे (tathāvidhe) - of such a kind, of that nature

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of tathāvidha

tathāvidha - of such a kind, of that sort, suchlike

Compound of `tathā` (thus) and `vidha` (kind).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tathā+vidha)

• tathā – thus, so, in that manner
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, type
  noun (neuter)
  From root `dhā` (to place) with `vi`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'bāṇabhūte'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation for 'saṃpatate'.

स्म (sma) - particle used with present tense to denote past action

(indeclinable)

संपतते (saṁpatate) - falls down, lands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, Middle, Present (laṭ) of pat

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice. Root `pat` with prefix `sam`.

Prefix: sam

Root: pat (class 1)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root `dṛś` (to see) with `ktvā` suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

द्रौणेः (drauṇeḥ) - of Drauṇi, of Aśvatthāman

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāman

Patronymic of Droṇa, referring to Aśvatthāman.

Note: Possessive, 'of Drauṇi'.

पराक्रमम् (parākramam) - valor, prowess, might

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parākrama

parākrama - valor, prowess, heroism, power

From `kram` (to step, go) with prefix `parā`.

Prefix: parā

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.