महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-39, verse-26

आगच्छमानांस्तान्दृष्ट्वा रौद्ररूपान्परंतपः ।
प्रहसन्प्रतिजग्राह द्रोणपुत्रो महारणे ॥२६॥

26. āgacchamānāṁstāndṛṣṭvā raudrarūpānparaṁtapaḥ ,
prahasanpratijagrāha droṇaputro mahāraṇe.

26. āgacchamānān tān dṛṣṭvā raudrarūpān paraṃtapaḥ
prahasan pratijagrāha droṇaputraḥ mahāraṇe

26. paraṃtapaḥ droṇaputraḥ āgacchamānān raudrarūpān
tān dṛṣṭvā prahasan mahāraṇe pratijagrāha

26. Having seen those approaching warriors, who were terrible in form, Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāman), the tormentor of foes, smilingly received them in the great battle.

Words meanings summery:

• आगच्छमानान् (āgacchamānān) - approaching warriors (those who were coming, approaching ones)

• तान् (tān) - the attacking warriors (them, those)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• रौद्ररूपान् (raudrarūpān) - of terrible form, fierce-looking

• परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

• प्रतिजग्राह (pratijagrāha) - he received, he confronted, he counterattacked

• द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāman) (Droṇa's son)

• महारणे (mahāraṇe) - in the great battle

Words meanings and morphology

आगच्छमानान् (āgacchamānān) - approaching warriors (those who were coming, approaching ones)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āgacchamāna

āgacchamāna - approaching, coming

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ā', in middle voice.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tān'.

तान् (tān) - the attacking warriors (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

रौद्ररूपान् (raudrarūpān) - of terrible form, fierce-looking

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of raudrarūpa

raudrarūpa - having a terrible or fierce form

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (raudra+rūpa)

• raudra – fierce, terrible, dreadful, belonging to Rudra
  adjective (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'tān'.

परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)

• param – foe, enemy
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – burning, tormenting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root 'tap'
  Derived from root 'tap' (to burn, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Droṇa's son.

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasat

prahasat - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'has' (to laugh) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'droṇaputraḥ'.

प्रतिजग्राह (pratijagrāha) - he received, he confronted, he counterattacked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of prati√grah

Perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular

Root 'grah' (to seize, take) with prefix 'prati'

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāman) (Droṇa's son)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāman)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (name of the guru)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'pratijagrāha'.

महारणे (mahāraṇe) - in the great battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāraṇa

mahāraṇa - great battle, major war

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+raṇa)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• raṇa – battle, combat
  noun (masculine)