महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-39, verse-36

संछाद्यमानस्तु तदा द्रोणपुत्रेण मारिष ।
पार्थोऽपयातः शीघ्रं वै विहाय महतीं चमूम् ॥३६॥

36. saṁchādyamānastu tadā droṇaputreṇa māriṣa ,
pārtho'payātaḥ śīghraṁ vai vihāya mahatīṁ camūm.

36. saṃchādyamānaḥ tu tadā droṇaputreṇa māriṣa
pārthaḥ apayātaḥ śīghram vai vihāya mahatīm camūm

36. māriṣa tadā droṇaputreṇa saṃchādyamānaḥ pārthaḥ
mahatīm camūm vihāya śīghram vai apayātaḥ

36. O revered one, at that time Arjuna (Pārtha), being overpowered by Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā), quickly retreated, abandoning his large army.

Words meanings summery:

• संछाद्यमानः (saṁchādyamānaḥ) - being overwhelmed (in battle) (being covered, being overshadowed, being overwhelmed)

• तु (tu) - indeed (as an emphasizing particle) (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

• तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

• द्रोणपुत्रेण (droṇaputreṇa) - by Aśvatthāmā, Droṇa's son (by the son of Droṇa)

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied addressee of Sañjaya's narration) (O honorable one, O respected one)

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)

• अपयातः (apayātaḥ) - retreated (from battle) (departed, retreated, gone away)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, surely)

• विहाय (vihāya) - abandoning (having left, abandoning)

• महतीम् (mahatīm) - large (great, large)

• चमूम् (camūm) - army (army, host)

Words meanings and morphology

संछाद्यमानः (saṁchādyamānaḥ) - being overwhelmed (in battle) (being covered, being overshadowed, being overwhelmed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃchādyamāna

saṁchādyamāna - being covered, being obscured, being overwhelmed

Present Passive Participle

Root √chad (to cover) with upasarga sam, in passive voice, present tense

Prefix: sam

Root: chad (class 1)

तु (tu) - indeed (as an emphasizing particle) (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

द्रोणपुत्रेण (droṇaputreṇa) - by Aśvatthāmā, Droṇa's son (by the son of Droṇa)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Droṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (name of a warrior and teacher)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

मारिष (māriṣa) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied addressee of Sañjaya's narration) (O honorable one, O respected one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - honorable, respected, venerable

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

अपयातः (apayātaḥ) - retreated (from battle) (departed, retreated, gone away)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apayāta

apayāta - departed, gone away

Past Passive Participle

Root √yā (to go) with upasarga apa, used actively

Prefix: apa

Root: yā (class 2)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially

वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

विहाय (vihāya) - abandoning (having left, abandoning)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Root √hā (to abandon) with upasarga vi, suffix -ya

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

महतीम् (mahatīm) - large (great, large)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

चमूम् (camūm) - army (army, host)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of camū

camū - army, host, troop