महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-7, chapter-156, verse-23
त्वत्सहायो नरव्याघ्र लोकानां हितकाम्यया ।
हिडिम्बबककिर्मीरा भीमसेनेन पातिताः ।
रावणेन समप्राणा ब्रह्मयज्ञविनाशनाः ॥२३॥
हिडिम्बबककिर्मीरा भीमसेनेन पातिताः ।
रावणेन समप्राणा ब्रह्मयज्ञविनाशनाः ॥२३॥
23. tvatsahāyo naravyāghra lokānāṁ hitakāmyayā ,
hiḍimbabakakirmīrā bhīmasenena pātitāḥ ,
rāvaṇena samaprāṇā brahmayajñavināśanāḥ.
hiḍimbabakakirmīrā bhīmasenena pātitāḥ ,
rāvaṇena samaprāṇā brahmayajñavināśanāḥ.
23.
tvatsahāyaḥ naravyāghra lokānām
hitakāmyayā hiḍimbabakakirmīrāḥ
bhīmasenena pātitāḥ rāvaṇena
samaprāṇāḥ brahmayajñavināśanāḥ
hitakāmyayā hiḍimbabakakirmīrāḥ
bhīmasenena pātitāḥ rāvaṇena
samaprāṇāḥ brahmayajñavināśanāḥ
23.
naravyāghra [tvam] tvatsahāyaḥ,
lokānām hitakāmyayā,
rāvaṇena samaprāṇāḥ brahmayajñavināśanāḥ hiḍimbabakakirmīrāḥ bhīmasenena pātitāḥ
lokānām hitakāmyayā,
rāvaṇena samaprāṇāḥ brahmayajñavināśanāḥ hiḍimbabakakirmīrāḥ bhīmasenena pātitāḥ
23.
O tiger among men! With your assistance and for the welfare of the worlds, Hiḍimba, Baka, and Kirmīra—who were as formidable as Rāvaṇa and destroyers of sacred rites (yajña)—were slain by Bhīmasena.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- त्वत्सहायः (tvatsahāyaḥ) - with your assistance (having you as an ally/helper, aided by you)
- नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men
- लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the worlds, of people
- हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - with the desire for welfare, for the sake of welfare
- हिडिम्बबककिर्मीराः (hiḍimbabakakirmīrāḥ) - Hiḍimba, Baka, and Kirmīra (names of demons)
- भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - by Bhīmasena
- पातिताः (pātitāḥ) - were slain (slain, cast down, killed)
- रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Rāvaṇa
- समप्राणाः (samaprāṇāḥ) - as formidable as Rāvaṇa (whose life-force was equal, equal in strength/life-force)
- ब्रह्मयज्ञविनाशनाः (brahmayajñavināśanāḥ) - destroyers of sacred rites (yajña) (destroyers of sacred rites (yajña), destroyers of Brahmins and sacrifices)
Words meanings and morphology
त्वत्सहायः (tvatsahāyaḥ) - with your assistance (having you as an ally/helper, aided by you)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tvatsahāya
tvatsahāya - having you as an ally/helper, aided by you
Bahuvrīhi compound, literally 'whose helper is you', here implying 'with your assistance'.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tvat+sahāya)
- tvat – you, your
pronoun - sahāya – helper, companion, assistant
noun (masculine)
Root: sah (class 1)
Note: Functions as an epithet in vocative sense here, referring to the assistance provided by the addressee.
नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra
naravyāghra - tiger among men, best of men, excellent man
Compound of nara (man) and vyāghra (tiger)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+vyāghra)
- nara – man, human being
noun (masculine)
Root: nṛ - vyāghra – tiger
noun (masculine)
लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the worlds, of people
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of loka
loka - world, people, region
Root: lok (class 1)
हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - with the desire for welfare, for the sake of welfare
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of hitakāmyā
hitakāmyā - desire for welfare, wish for good
Derived from hita (welfare) + kāmyā (desire)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hita+kāmyā)
- hita – welfare, benefit, good
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle of dhā-
Root: dhā (class 3) - kāmyā – desire, wish
noun (feminine)
Root: kam (class 1)
हिडिम्बबककिर्मीराः (hiḍimbabakakirmīrāḥ) - Hiḍimba, Baka, and Kirmīra (names of demons)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of hiḍimbabakakirmīra
hiḍimbabakakirmīra - Hiḍimba, Baka, and Kirmīra (a group of demons)
Dvandva compound of proper nouns
Compound type : dvandva (hiḍimba+baka+kirmīra)
- hiḍimba – Hiḍimba (a demon)
proper noun (masculine) - baka – Baka (a demon)
proper noun (masculine) - kirmīra – Kirmīra (a demon)
proper noun (masculine)
भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - by Bhīmasena
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīmasena
bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava brother)
Compound of bhīma (terrible) and senā (army, but here likely a name element)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīma+senā)
- bhīma – terrible, formidable
adjective (masculine)
Root: bhī (class 3) - senā – army, host
noun (feminine)
पातिताः (pātitāḥ) - were slain (slain, cast down, killed)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pātita
pātita - slain, felled, caused to fall, killed
Causative Past Passive Participle
Derived from causative of pat- (to fall)
Root: pat (class 1)
रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Rāvaṇa
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa
rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king of Laṅkā)
Root: ru (class 2)
समप्राणाः (samaprāṇāḥ) - as formidable as Rāvaṇa (whose life-force was equal, equal in strength/life-force)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of samaprāṇa
samaprāṇa - having equal life-force, equal in strength, equally vital
Compound of sama (equal) and prāṇa (life, breath)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sama+prāṇa)
- sama – equal, same, similar
adjective - prāṇa – life, breath, vital air
noun (masculine)
Root: pra
ब्रह्मयज्ञविनाशनाः (brahmayajñavināśanāḥ) - destroyers of sacred rites (yajña) (destroyers of sacred rites (yajña), destroyers of Brahmins and sacrifices)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of brahmayajñavināśana
brahmayajñavināśana - destroyer of sacred rites, destroyer of Brahmins and sacrifices
Compound of brahma (Veda/Brahmin) + yajña (sacrifice) + vināśana (destroyer)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahma+yajña+vināśana)
- brahma – Veda, sacred knowledge, Brahmin
noun (neuter)
Root: bṛh (class 1) - yajña – sacrifice, sacred rite
noun (masculine)
Root: yaj (class 1) - vināśana – destroyer, causing destruction
noun (masculine)
Agent noun from vi-naś-
Prefix: vi
Root: naś (class 4)