महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-156, verse-17

त्वद्धितार्थं हि नैषादिरङ्गुष्ठेन वियोजितः ।
द्रोणेनाचार्यकं कृत्वा छद्मना सत्यविक्रमः ॥१७॥

17. tvaddhitārthaṁ hi naiṣādiraṅguṣṭhena viyojitaḥ ,
droṇenācāryakaṁ kṛtvā chadmanā satyavikramaḥ.

17. tvaddhitārtham hi naiṣādiḥ aṅguṣṭhena viyojitaḥ
droṇena ācāryakam kṛtvā chadmānā satyavikramaḥ

17. hi tvaddhitārtham satyavikramaḥ naiṣādiḥ droṇena
chadmānā ācāryakam kṛtvā aṅguṣṭhena viyojitaḥ

17. Indeed, for your benefit, the truly valorous Niṣāda (Ekalavya) was deprived of his thumb by Droṇa, who, through deception, claimed the authority of a preceptor (guru).

Words meanings summery:

• त्वद्धितार्थम् (tvaddhitārtham) - for your welfare, for your benefit

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• नैषादिः (naiṣādiḥ) - Ekalavya (a Niṣāda (member of a tribal community))

• अङ्गुष्ठेन (aṅguṣṭhena) - by the thumb

• वियोजितः (viyojitaḥ) - deprived of his thumb (separated, deprived, detached)

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Droṇa

• आचार्यकम् (ācāryakam) - claiming the authority of a preceptor (guru) (the function of a preceptor, preceptor-ship, gurudom)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - claiming, exercising (having done, having made)

• छद्माना (chadmānā) - by deceit, by trickery

• सत्यविक्रमः (satyavikramaḥ) - truly valorous, one whose valor is true

Words meanings and morphology

त्वद्धितार्थम् (tvaddhitārtham) - for your welfare, for your benefit

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tvaddhitārtha

tvaddhitārtha - for your benefit, for your welfare, for your purpose

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'tvat' (your) + 'hita' (welfare) + 'artha' (purpose/sake).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tvat+hita+artha)

• tvat – you (genitive/possessive)
  pronoun
  From yuṣmad.
• hita – welfare, benefit, good, well-being
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from dhā, to place, but used as noun/adj)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• artha – purpose, sake, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to mean "for the sake of".

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

नैषादिः (naiṣādiḥ) - Ekalavya (a Niṣāda (member of a tribal community))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naiṣādi

naiṣādi - a Niṣāda, descendant of a Niṣāda (member of a particular tribal group/caste)

Derived from niṣāda.

अङ्गुष्ठेन (aṅguṣṭhena) - by the thumb

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aṅguṣṭha

aṅguṣṭha - thumb

वियोजितः (viyojitaḥ) - deprived of his thumb (separated, deprived, detached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viyojita

viyojita - separated, disjoined, deprived of, unyoked

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with naiṣādiḥ.

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Droṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of the preceptor of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Agent of the action.

आचार्यकम् (ācāryakam) - claiming the authority of a preceptor (guru) (the function of a preceptor, preceptor-ship, gurudom)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ācāryaka

ācāryaka - the office/function of a preceptor (ācārya); preceptor-ship

Derived from ācārya with suffix ka.

Note: Object of kṛtvā.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - claiming, exercising (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root kṛ with suffix tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

छद्माना (chadmānā) - by deceit, by trickery

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of chadman

chadman - deceit, fraud, disguise, pretext

Root: chad (class 1)

सत्यविक्रमः (satyavikramaḥ) - truly valorous, one whose valor is true

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavikrama

satyavikrama - one whose valor is true, truly valorous, having true heroism

Bahuvrīhi compound: satya (true) + vikrama (valor).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+vikrama)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 2)
• vikrama – valor, heroism, power, strength, prowess
  noun (masculine)
  From root kram with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with naiṣādiḥ.