महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-125, verse-22

व्यायच्छन्तो हताः शूरा मदर्थे येऽपराङ्मुखाः ।
यतमानाः परं शक्त्या विजेतुमहितान्मम ॥२२॥

22. vyāyacchanto hatāḥ śūrā madarthe ye'parāṅmukhāḥ ,
yatamānāḥ paraṁ śaktyā vijetumahitānmama.

22. vyāyacchantaḥ hatāḥ śūrāḥ madarthe ye aparāṅmukhāḥ
yatamānāḥ param śaktyā vijetum ahitān mama

22. ye madarthe aparāṅmukhāḥ param śaktyā mama ahitān
vijetum yatamānāḥ vyāyacchantaḥ śūrāḥ hatāḥ

22. Those brave warriors who strove unflinchingly for my sake, exerting their utmost strength (śakti) to conquer my enemies, have been killed.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यायच्छन्तः (vyāyacchantaḥ) - striving, exerting, fighting, struggling

• हताः (hatāḥ) - slain, killed, struck

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave warriors, heroes, valiant ones

• मदर्थे (madarthe) - for my sake, for my purpose

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• अपराङ्मुखाः (aparāṅmukhāḥ) - not turned away, facing forward, unflinching

• यतमानाः (yatamānāḥ) - striving, endeavoring, making effort

• परम् (param) - with utmost (strength) (supreme, utmost, highest; greatly, exceedingly (adverbially))

• शक्त्या (śaktyā) - by strength, with power, by energy (śakti)

• विजेतुम् (vijetum) - to conquer, to overcome, to defeat

• अहितान् (ahitān) - enemies, foes, adversaries

• मम (mama) - my, of me

Words meanings and morphology

व्यायच्छन्तः (vyāyacchantaḥ) - striving, exerting, fighting, struggling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyāyacchat

vyāyacchat - striving, struggling, fighting; engaged in

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'yam' (to restrain, strive) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: yam

हताः (hatāḥ) - slain, killed, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck; destroyed, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'han' (to strike, kill).

Root: han

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave warriors, heroes, valiant ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - a brave man, warrior, hero; valiant, strong

मदर्थे (madarthe) - for my sake, for my purpose

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of madartha

madartha - my purpose, my sake

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mat+artha)

• mat – my, me (from asmad, the first person pronoun)
  pronoun
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, sake
  noun (masculine)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

अपराङ्मुखाः (aparāṅmukhāḥ) - not turned away, facing forward, unflinching

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aparāṅmukha

aparāṅmukha - not having the face turned away; facing forward, resolute, unflinching

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+parāṅmukha)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• parāṅmukha – having the face turned away; averted, disinclined, turning back
  adjective (masculine)

यतमानाः (yatamānāḥ) - striving, endeavoring, making effort

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yatamāna

yatamāna - striving, endeavoring, making effort

Present Middle Participle

Derived from the root 'yat' (to strive, endeavor).

Root: yat

परम् (param) - with utmost (strength) (supreme, utmost, highest; greatly, exceedingly (adverbially))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, another; supreme, highest, ultimate; hostile, inimical

Note: Used adverbially here.

शक्त्या (śaktyā) - by strength, with power, by energy (śakti)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, ability, capability; divine energy, creative force

विजेतुम् (vijetum) - to conquer, to overcome, to defeat

(indeclinable)

Infinitival

Derived from the root 'ji' (to conquer) with the prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: ji

अहितान् (ahitān) - enemies, foes, adversaries

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ahita

ahita - unfriendly, hostile; an enemy, foe

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hita)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• hita – beneficial, friendly, suitable; a friend, benefactor
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'dhā' (to place, set).
  Root: dhā

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)