महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-125, verse-13

अस्मद्विजयकामानां सुहृदामुपकारिणाम् ।
गन्तास्मि कथमानृण्यं गतानां यमसादनम् ॥१३॥

13. asmadvijayakāmānāṁ suhṛdāmupakāriṇām ,
gantāsmi kathamānṛṇyaṁ gatānāṁ yamasādanam.

13. asmat vijaya kāmānām suhṛdām upakāriṇām gantā
asmi katham ānṛṇyam gatānām yama sādanam

13. aham asmat vijaya kāmānām suhṛdām upakāriṇām
yama sādanam gatānām ānṛṇyam katham gantā asmi

13. How can I attain freedom from debt (ānṛṇyam) to those benefactors, my friends, who desired our victory and have now gone to the abode of Yama?

Words meanings summery:

• अस्मत् (asmat) - our, for us

• विजय (vijaya) - victory, triumph

• कामानाम् (kāmānām) - of those who desired (of those desiring, of the desires)

• सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of friends, of well-wishers

• उपकारिणाम् (upakāriṇām) - of benefactors, of those who help

• गन्ता (gantā) - I shall attain (freedom from debt) (one who goes, will go, attains)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• आनृण्यम् (ānṛṇyam) - freedom from debt, discharge of obligation

• गतानाम् (gatānām) - of those who have gone, of the departed

• यम (yama) - Yama (the god of death) (Yama, restraint)

• सादनम् (sādanam) - abode, dwelling, seat

Words meanings and morphology

अस्मत् (asmat) - our, for us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Used as the first part of a compound, implying genitive.

विजय (vijaya) - victory, triumph

(noun)

masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, conquest, triumph

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Part of the compound 'asmat-vijaya-kāmānām'.

कामानाम् (kāmānām) - of those who desired (of those desiring, of the desires)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Used as an agent noun or adjective here, meaning 'desirers'.

सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of friends, of well-wishers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher, benevolent

उपकारिणाम् (upakāriṇām) - of benefactors, of those who help

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of upakārin

upakārin - benefactor, helper, obliging

Agent noun/Adjective

Derived from upa-kṛ (to do a favor, help) with the agent suffix -in.

Prefix: upa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used here substantively as 'of the benefactors'.

गन्ता (gantā) - I shall attain (freedom from debt) (one who goes, will go, attains)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gantṛ

gantṛ - goer, one who goes, reaching

Future Active Participle (agent noun)

From root gam (to go) with the suffix -tṛ.

Root: gam (class 1)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

आनृण्यम् (ānṛṇyam) - freedom from debt, discharge of obligation

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ānṛṇya

ānṛṇya - freedom from debt, discharge of obligation, indebtedness

Derived from 'ṛṇa' (debt) with the negative prefix 'an-' (which becomes 'ān-' before 'ṛ') and the abstract noun suffix '-ya'.

गतानाम् (gatānām) - of those who have gone, of the departed

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived, dead

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) + kta (past passive participle suffix).

Root: gam (class 1)

यम (yama) - Yama (the god of death) (Yama, restraint)

(proper noun)

masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (the god of death), restraint, twin

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Part of the compound 'yama-sādanam'.

सादनम् (sādanam) - abode, dwelling, seat

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sādana

sādana - abode, dwelling, seat, accomplishing

From root sad (to sit, settle) in causative or derived as an agent noun/instrument.

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Compound 'yama-sādanam' (abode of Yama) is treated as an accusative indicating goal of motion.