महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-111, verse-22

तावन्योन्यं शरैर्विद्ध्वा स्वर्णपुङ्खैः शिलाशितैः ।
व्यभ्राजेतां महाराज पुष्पिताविव किंशुकौ ॥२२॥

22. tāvanyonyaṁ śarairviddhvā svarṇapuṅkhaiḥ śilāśitaiḥ ,
vyabhrājetāṁ mahārāja puṣpitāviva kiṁśukau.

22. tau anyonyam śaraiḥ viddhvā svarṇapuṅkhaiḥ śilāśitaiḥ
vyabhrājetām mahārāja puṣpitau iva kiṃśukau

22. mahārāja svarṇapuṅkhaiḥ śilāśitaiḥ śaraiḥ anyonyam
viddhvā tau puṣpitau kiṃśukau iva vyabhrājetām

22. O great King, having mutually pierced each other with arrows that had golden shafts and were sharpened on stone, those two warriors shone like two blossoming `kiṃśuka` trees.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - mutually, each other

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having pierced, having wounded

• स्वर्णपुङ्खैः (svarṇapuṅkhaiḥ) - with golden shafts

• शिलाशितैः (śilāśitaiḥ) - sharpened on stone

• व्यभ्राजेताम् (vyabhrājetām) - they two shone brightly

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• पुष्पितौ (puṣpitau) - two blossoming, two flowering

• इव (iva) - like, as

• किंशुकौ (kiṁśukau) - two `kiṃśuka` trees (a type of tree with beautiful red flowers)

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Subject of `vyabhrājetām`.

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - mutually, each other

(indeclinable)

Compound `anya-anya`. Used adverbially or as object.

Compound type : dvandva (anya+anya)

• anya – other, another
  pronoun
• anya – other, another
  pronoun

Note: Often treated as an indeclinable or accusative neuter singular.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ (class 1)

विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having pierced, having wounded

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed with suffix `tvā`.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

स्वर्णपुङ्खैः (svarṇapuṅkhaiḥ) - with golden shafts

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of svarṇapuṅkha

svarṇapuṅkha - having golden shafts/feathers

Bahuvrīhi compound: `svarṇamayāḥ puṅkhāḥ yeṣām taiḥ`.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (svarṇa+puṅkha)

• svarṇa – gold
  noun (neuter)
• puṅkha – shaft, feather (of an arrow)
  noun (masculine)

शिलाशितैः (śilāśitaiḥ) - sharpened on stone

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śilāśita

śilāśita - sharpened on stone

Tatpuruṣa compound: `śilāyām śitāḥ` (sharpened on stone). `śita` is PPP of `śā` (to sharpen).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śilā+śita)

• śilā – stone, rock
  noun (feminine)
• śita – sharpened, keen
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `śā` (to sharpen).
  Root: śā (class 2)

व्यभ्राजेताम् (vyabhrājetām) - they two shone brightly

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, past imperfect (Laṅ) of vi-bhrāj

Imperfect

Root `bhrāj` with prefix `vi-`. Atmanepada, 3rd person dual.

Prefix: vi

Root: bhrāj (class 1)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Karmadhāraya compound `mahat rājā`.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (maha+rājan)

• maha – great
  adjective
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)

पुष्पितौ (puṣpitau) - two blossoming, two flowering

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of puṣpita

puṣpita - flowered, blossomed, adorned with flowers

Past Passive Participle

From root `puṣp` (to blossom).

Root: puṣp (class 4)

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

किंशुकौ (kiṁśukau) - two `kiṃśuka` trees (a type of tree with beautiful red flowers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kiṃśuka

kiṁśuka - Butea monosperma tree (often with bright red or orange flowers)

Note: The objects of comparison.