महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-111, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
तवात्मजांस्तु पतितान्दृष्ट्वा कर्णः प्रतापवान् ।
क्रोधेन महताविष्टो निर्विण्णोऽभूत्स जीवितात् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tavātmajāṁstu patitāndṛṣṭvā karṇaḥ pratāpavān ,
krodhena mahatāviṣṭo nirviṇṇo'bhūtsa jīvitāt.

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca tava ātmajān tu patitān dṛṣṭvā karṇaḥ
pratāpavān krodhena mahatā āviṣṭaḥ nirviṇṇaḥ abhūt sa jīvitāt

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca tava ātmajān patitān dṛṣṭvā tu pratāpavān
karṇaḥ mahatā krodhena āviṣṭaḥ sa jīvitāt nirviṇṇaḥ abhūt

1. Sanjaya said: But the mighty Karna, having seen your sons fallen (dead), became greatly overcome by anger, and became disgusted with (his own) life.

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• तव (tava) - your

• आत्मजान् (ātmajān) - your (Dhritarashtra's) sons (sons, born of oneself)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• पतितान् (patitān) - fallen (dead) (fallen, descended, dead)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, glorious, powerful

• क्रोधेन (krodhena) - by anger, with wrath

• महता (mahatā) - by great, by large

• आविष्टः (āviṣṭaḥ) - overcome, possessed, entered into

• निर्विण्णः (nirviṇṇaḥ) - dejected, disgusted, despondent

• अभूत् (abhūt) - he became, he was

• स (sa) - he (Karna) (he, that)

• जीवितात् (jīvitāt) - from life, from living

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (name of a character, Dhritarashtra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, Parasmaipada (active voice)

Root vac + liṭ (perfect) + a (3rd singular active)

Root: vac (class 2)

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

आत्मजान् (ātmajān) - your (Dhritarashtra's) sons (sons, born of oneself)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ātmaja

ātmaja - son, born of oneself, born from (one's own) self (ātman)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

पतितान् (patitān) - fallen (dead) (fallen, descended, dead)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, degraded, dead

Past Passive Participle

Root pat (to fall) + kta (past passive participle suffix)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with ātmajān

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Root dṛś (to see) + ktvā (absolutive suffix)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (name of a warrior); ear

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, glorious, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - possessing glory, mighty, powerful, glorious

From pratāpa (glory, power) + matup (possessive suffix)

क्रोधेन (krodhena) - by anger, with wrath

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, rage

From root krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

महता (mahatā) - by great, by large

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast

Note: Agrees with krodhena

आविष्टः (āviṣṭaḥ) - overcome, possessed, entered into

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āviṣṭa

āviṣṭa - entered, possessed, overcome, seized

Past Passive Participle

Root viś (to enter) with ā prefix + kta (past passive participle suffix)

Prefix: ā

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with karṇaḥ

निर्विण्णः (nirviṇṇaḥ) - dejected, disgusted, despondent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirviṇṇa

nirviṇṇa - dejected, disgusted, despondent, indifferent

Past Passive Participle

Root vid (to find, know) with nir prefix + kta (past passive participle suffix)

Prefix: nir

Root: vid (class 6)

Note: Agrees with karṇaḥ

अभूत् (abhūt) - he became, he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist tense, Parasmaipada (active voice)

Root bhū + luṅ (aorist) + t (3rd singular active)

Root: bhū (class 1)

स (sa) - he (Karna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

जीवितात् (jīvitāt) - from life, from living

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living, livelihood

Past Passive Participle

Root jīv (to live) + kta (past passive participle suffix)

Root: jīv (class 1)