महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-111, verse-20

दृष्ट्वा विनिहतान्पुत्रांस्तव राजन्महारथान् ।
अश्रुपूर्णमुखः कर्णः कश्मलं समपद्यत ॥२०॥

20. dṛṣṭvā vinihatānputrāṁstava rājanmahārathān ,
aśrupūrṇamukhaḥ karṇaḥ kaśmalaṁ samapadyata.

20. dṛṣṭvā vinihatān putrān tava rājan mahārathān
aśrupūrṇamukhaḥ karṇaḥ kaśmalam samapadyata

20. rājan tava mahārathān putrān vinihatān dṛṣṭvā
karṇaḥ aśrupūrṇamukhaḥ kaśmalam samapadyata

20. O King, upon seeing your great charioteer sons struck down, Karna's face filled with tears, and he became bewildered.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• विनिहतान् (vinihatān) - struck down, killed

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

• तव (tava) - your, of yours

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers, great warriors

• अश्रुपूर्णमुखः (aśrupūrṇamukhaḥ) - with face full of tears

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• कश्मलम् (kaśmalam) - bewilderment, faintness, distress

• समपद्यत (samapadyata) - obtained, reached, fell into (a state of)

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed with suffix `tvā`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

विनिहतान् (vinihatān) - struck down, killed

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vinihata

vinihata - completely struck down, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root `han` with prefixes `vi-` and `ni-`.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of `dṛṣṭvā`.

तव (tava) - your, of yours

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Genitive singular form of `yuṣmad`.

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers, great warriors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, great warrior

Compound type : karmadhāraya (maha+ratha)

• maha – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot; warrior in a chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `putrān`.

अश्रुपूर्णमुखः (aśrupūrṇamukhaḥ) - with face full of tears

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśrupūrṇamukha

aśrupūrṇamukha - one whose face is full of tears

Bahuvrīhi compound: `aśrubhiḥ pūrṇam mukham yasya saḥ`.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aśru+pūrṇa+mukha)

• aśru – tear
  noun (neuter)
• pūrṇa – full, complete
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `pṛ` (to fill).
  Root: pṛ (class 9)
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; name of a prominent warrior in the Mahabharata

Note: Subject of the sentence.

कश्मलम् (kaśmalam) - bewilderment, faintness, distress

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kaśmala

kaśmala - bewilderment, faintness, distress, impurity

Note: Object of `samapadyata`.

समपद्यत (samapadyata) - obtained, reached, fell into (a state of)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (Laṅ) of sam-pad

Imperfect

Root `pad` with prefix `sam-`. Atmanepada, 3rd person singular.

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)