महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-23, verse-46

यदि मामप्रतीकारमशस्त्रं शस्त्रपाणयः ।
धार्तराष्ट्रा रणे हन्युस्तन्मे क्षेमतरं भवेत् ॥४६॥

46. yadi māmapratīkāramaśastraṁ śastrapāṇayaḥ ,
dhārtarāṣṭrā raṇe hanyustanme kṣemataraṁ bhavet.

46. yadi mām apratīkāram aśastram śastrapāṇayaḥ
dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ raṇe hanyuḥ tat me kṣemataram bhavet

46. yadi śastrapāṇayaḥ dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ apratīkāram
aśastram mām raṇe hanyuḥ tat me kṣemataram bhavet

46. If the armed Dhārtarāṣṭras were to kill me in battle while I am unresisting and unarmed, that would be more beneficial (kṣema) for me.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

• माम् (mām) - me

• अप्रतीकारम् (apratīkāram) - unresisting, without opposition or resistance

• अशस्त्रम् (aśastram) - unarmed, weaponless

• शस्त्रपाणयः (śastrapāṇayaḥ) - those with weapons in hand, armed ones

• धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war, in combat

• हन्युः (hanyuḥ) - they might kill, they should kill

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my

• क्षेमतरम् (kṣemataram) - more beneficial, more auspicious, safer, more prosperous

• भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, might be, should be

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

Note: Object of `hanyuḥ`

अप्रतीकारम् (apratīkāram) - unresisting, without opposition or resistance

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apratīkāra

apratīkāra - without resistance, unresisting, remediless

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pratīkāra)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• pratīkāra – resistance, remedy, retaliation
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: prati
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with `mām`

अशस्त्रम् (aśastram) - unarmed, weaponless

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aśastra

aśastra - unarmed, without weapons

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śastra)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• śastra – weapon, arm, sword
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śas (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `mām`

शस्त्रपाणयः (śastrapāṇayaḥ) - those with weapons in hand, armed ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śastrapāṇi

śastrapāṇi - weapon-handed, armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śastra+pāṇi)

• śastra – weapon, arm
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śas (class 2)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ

धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - belonging to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the Kauravas)

Patronymic from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Indicates location

हन्युः (hanyuḥ) - they might kill, they should kill

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, potential / optative (vidhi-liṅ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that, therefore

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Subject of `bhavet`

मे (me) - to me, for me, my

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, my

Note: Indicates benefit or relation

क्षेमतरम् (kṣemataram) - more beneficial, more auspicious, safer, more prosperous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣematara

kṣematara - more beneficial, more auspicious, safer, more prosperous

Comparative degree of kṣema

Note: Predicate adjective for `tat`

भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, might be, should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, potential / optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Expresses a potential or hypothetical outcome