महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-23, verse-33

येषामर्थे काङ्क्षितं नो राज्यं भोगाः सुखानि च ।
त इमेऽवस्थिता युद्धे प्राणांस्त्यक्त्वा धनानि च ॥३३॥

33. yeṣāmarthe kāṅkṣitaṁ no rājyaṁ bhogāḥ sukhāni ca ,
ta ime'vasthitā yuddhe prāṇāṁstyaktvā dhanāni ca.

33. yeṣām arthe kāṅkṣitam naḥ rājyam bhogāḥ sukhāni ca
te ime avasthitāḥ yuddhe prāṇān tyaktvā dhanāni ca

33. yeṣām arthe naḥ rājyam bhogāḥ sukhāni ca kāṅkṣitam
te ime yuddhe prāṇān tyaktvā dhanāni ca avasthitāḥ

33. Those for whom we desire a kingdom, enjoyments, and pleasures—they are present here in battle, having given up their lives and wealth.

Words meanings summery:

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - for whom (of whom, for whom)

• अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake of (for the sake of, for the purpose of, for)

• काङ्क्षितम् (kāṅkṣitam) - desired (desired, wished for)

• नः (naḥ) - by us (to us, our, us)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, realm)

• भोगाः (bhogāḥ) - enjoyments (enjoyments, pleasures)

• सुखानि (sukhāni) - pleasures (pleasures, joys, comforts)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ते (te) - those (people) (those, they)

• इमे (ime) - these (people) (these, they)

• अवस्थिताः (avasthitāḥ) - present (here), arrayed (standing, situated, present, arrayed)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives (lives, vital breaths)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having given up (having abandoned, having given up)

• धनानि (dhanāni) - wealth (wealth, riches)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

येषाम् (yeṣām) - for whom (of whom, for whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Genitive, used with 'arthe'.

अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake of (for the sake of, for the purpose of, for)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, value

Note: Locative case, meaning 'for the sake of' when preceded by a genitive.

काङ्क्षितम् (kāṅkṣitam) - desired (desired, wished for)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāṅkṣita

kāṅkṣita - desired, wished for

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root kāṅkṣ 'to desire' + -ta suffix.

Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Functions here as predicate adjective describing 'rājyam'.

नः (naḥ) - by us (to us, our, us)

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: Here, interpreted as agent in the sense 'desired by us'.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, realm)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, royal power

Derived from rājan (king) + -ya suffix.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'kāṅkṣitam'.

भोगाः (bhogāḥ) - enjoyments (enjoyments, pleasures)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhoga

bhoga - enjoyment, pleasure, possession, experience

Derived from root bhuj 'to enjoy'.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Co-subject with 'rājyam' and 'sukhāni'.

सुखानि (sukhāni) - pleasures (pleasures, joys, comforts)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sukha

sukha - pleasure, joy, happiness

Note: Co-subject with 'rājyam' and 'bhogāḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those (people) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the kinsmen.

इमे (ime) - these (people) (these, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Agrees with 'te'.

अवस्थिताः (avasthitāḥ) - present (here), arrayed (standing, situated, present, arrayed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avasthita

avasthita - standing, present, situated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from ava- + root sthā 'to stand' + -ta suffix.

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective for 'te ime'.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Derived from root yudh 'to fight'.

Root: yudh (class 4)

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives (lives, vital breaths)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, spirit

Derived from pra- + root an 'to breathe'.

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of the absolutive 'tyaktvā'.

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having given up (having abandoned, having given up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root tyaj 'to abandon' + suffix -tvā.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

धनानि (dhanāni) - wealth (wealth, riches)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of the absolutive 'tyaktvā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)