महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-23, verse-37

तस्मान्नार्हा वयं हन्तुं धार्तराष्ट्रान्सबान्धवान् ।
स्वजनं हि कथं हत्वा सुखिनः स्याम माधव ॥३७॥

37. tasmānnārhā vayaṁ hantuṁ dhārtarāṣṭrānsabāndhavān ,
svajanaṁ hi kathaṁ hatvā sukhinaḥ syāma mādhava.

37. tasmāt na arhāḥ vayam hantum dhārtarāṣṭrān sabāndhavān
svajanam hi katham hatvā sukhinaḥ syāma mādhava

37. tasmāt,
vayam sabāndhavān dhārtarāṣṭrān hantum na arhāḥ.
mādhava,
svajanam hatvā hi katham sukhinaḥ syāma?

37. Therefore, we ought not to kill the sons of Dhritarashtra along with their kinsmen. Indeed, O Madhava, how could we be happy after slaying our own people?

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अर्हाः (arhāḥ) - ought (worthy, fit, ought, entitled)

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill (to kill, for killing)

• धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - the sons of Dhritarashtra (Kauravas) (the sons of Dhritarashtra)

• सबान्धवान् (sabāndhavān) - along with their kinsmen (with relatives, along with kin)

• स्वजनम् (svajanam) - our own people (one's own people, own kin)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - after slaying (having killed)

• सुखिनः (sukhinaḥ) - happy (happy, joyful, comfortable)

• स्याम (syāma) - we could be (we would be, we should be)

• माधव (mādhava) - O Krishna (O Madhava (a name of Vishnu/Krishna))

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to the previous argument.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

अर्हाः (arhāḥ) - ought (worthy, fit, ought, entitled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of arha

arha - worthy, deserving, fit, able

Derived from root arh- (to deserve, be able).

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vayam'.

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of the clause.

हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill (to kill, for killing)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of the verb root han- (class 2) formed with -tum suffix.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Infinitive of purpose.

धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - the sons of Dhritarashtra (Kauravas) (the sons of Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhritarashtra

Derived from Dhṛtarāṣṭra with a patronymic suffix.

Note: Object of 'hantum'.

सबान्धवान् (sabāndhavān) - along with their kinsmen (with relatives, along with kin)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sabāndhava

sabāndhava - having relatives, with kin

Bahuvrihi compound: 'sa' (with) + 'bāndhava' (relatives).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bāndhava)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• bāndhava – relative, kinsman
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'dhārtarāṣṭrān'.

स्वजनम् (svajanam) - our own people (one's own people, own kin)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svajana

svajana - one's own people, kinsmen, family

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+jana)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
• jana – person, people
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'hatvā'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

हत्वा (hatvā) - after slaying (having killed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form of verb root han- (class 2) formed with -tvā suffix.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

सुखिनः (sukhinaḥ) - happy (happy, joyful, comfortable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sukhin

sukhin - happy, joyful, fortunate

Derived from sukha (happiness) with suffix -in.

Note: Predicate adjective for 'vayam'.

स्याम (syāma) - we could be (we would be, we should be)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, optative (liṅ) of as

optative

First person plural, optative mood, active voice of verb root as- (class 2).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Expresses potentiality or desire.

माधव (mādhava) - O Krishna (O Madhava (a name of Vishnu/Krishna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - descendant of Madhu, husband of Lakshmi

Note: A name for Krishna.