महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-6, chapter-23, verse-44
उत्सन्नकुलधर्माणां मनुष्याणां जनार्दन ।
नरके नियतं वासो भवतीत्यनुशुश्रुम ॥४४॥
नरके नियतं वासो भवतीत्यनुशुश्रुम ॥४४॥
44. utsannakuladharmāṇāṁ manuṣyāṇāṁ janārdana ,
narake niyataṁ vāso bhavatītyanuśuśruma.
narake niyataṁ vāso bhavatītyanuśuśruma.
44.
utsannakuladharmāṇām manuṣyāṇām janārdana
narake niyatam vāsaḥ bhavati iti anuśuśruma
narake niyatam vāsaḥ bhavati iti anuśuśruma
44.
janārdana utsannakuladharmāṇām manuṣyāṇām
narake नियतम् वासः भवति इति अनुशुश्रुम
narake नियतम् वासः भवति इति अनुशुश्रुम
44.
O Janārdana, we have heard that for those men whose family laws (dharma) have been destroyed, residence in hell is certainly destined.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- उत्सन्नकुलधर्माणाम् (utsannakuladharmāṇām) - of those whose family laws are destroyed
- मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of humans, of men
- जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Kṛṣṇa (O Janārdana)
- नरके (narake) - in hell, in the underworld
- नियतम् (niyatam) - certainly, constantly, eternally, fixed
- वासः (vāsaḥ) - dwelling, residence, abode
- भवति (bhavati) - is, occurs, becomes
- इति (iti) - introducing a quotation or reported speech (thus, in this manner, that)
- अनुशुश्रुम (anuśuśruma) - we have heard
Words meanings and morphology
उत्सन्नकुलधर्माणाम् (utsannakuladharmāṇām) - of those whose family laws are destroyed
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of utsannakuladharma
utsannakuladharma - having lost or destroyed family laws (dharma)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (utsanna+kula+dharma)
- utsanna – destroyed, perished, lost
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of ut-sad (to be destroyed)
Prefix: ut
Root: sad (class 1) - kula – family, lineage
noun (neuter) - dharma – righteous conduct, duty, law, constitution, intrinsic nature
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Agrees with manuṣyāṇām
मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of humans, of men
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of manuṣya
manuṣya - human being, man, person
जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Kṛṣṇa (O Janārdana)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of janārdana
janārdana - one who agitates or punishes men, a name of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa
नरके (narake) - in hell, in the underworld
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of naraka
naraka - hell, underworld
नियतम् (niyatam) - certainly, constantly, eternally, fixed
(indeclinable)
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of ni-yam (to restrain, fix)
Prefix: ni
Root: yam (class 1)
Note: Acts as an adverb modifying 'vāsaḥ bhavati'
वासः (vāsaḥ) - dwelling, residence, abode
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsa
vāsa - dwelling, residence, abode
Root: vas (class 1)
Note: Subject of 'bhavati'
भवति (bhavati) - is, occurs, becomes
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
इति (iti) - introducing a quotation or reported speech (thus, in this manner, that)
(indeclinable)
अनुशुश्रुम (anuśuśruma) - we have heard
(verb)
1st person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of anuśru
Prefix: anu
Root: śru (class 5)
Note: First person plural perfect of anu-śru