महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-154, verse-15

तद्दृष्ट्वोपस्थितं युद्धं समासन्नं महात्ययम् ।
प्राविशद्भवनं राज्ञः पाण्डवस्य हलायुधः ॥१५॥

15. taddṛṣṭvopasthitaṁ yuddhaṁ samāsannaṁ mahātyayam ,
prāviśadbhavanaṁ rājñaḥ pāṇḍavasya halāyudhaḥ.

15. tat dṛṣṭvā upasthitam yuddham samāsannam mahātyayam
| prāviśat bhavanam rājñaḥ pāṇḍavasya halāyudhaḥ

15. halāyudhaḥ tat upasthitam samāsannam mahātyayam yuddham dṛṣṭvā,
pāṇḍavasya rājñaḥ bhavanam prāviśat.

15. Having seen that war, which was imminent and portending great destruction, Halayudha (Balarama) entered the palace of the Pāṇḍava king.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - present, imminent, arrived

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - war, battle

• समासन्नम् (samāsannam) - very near, approaching

• महात्ययम् (mahātyayam) - causing great destruction/calamity

• प्राविशत् (prāviśat) - he entered

• भवनम् (bhavanam) - abode, palace, house

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of the Pandava

• हलायुधः (halāyudhaḥ) - Balarama (Halayudha (one whose weapon is a plough))

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Demonstrative pronoun.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dṛś with suffix tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - present, imminent, arrived

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, imminent, near, standing by

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - war, battle

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - fight, battle, war

Past Passive Participle used as noun

From root yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

समासन्नम् (samāsannam) - very near, approaching

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samāsanna

samāsanna - very near, close, approached

Past Passive Participle

From root sad with prefixes sam and ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

महात्ययम् (mahātyayam) - causing great destruction/calamity

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahātyaya

mahātyaya - great destruction, great calamity, great danger

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+atyaya)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• atyaya – danger, calamity, destruction, passing away
  noun (masculine)
  From i (to go) with prefix ati
  Prefix: ati
  Root: i (class 2)

प्राविशत् (prāviśat) - he entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of pravis

Root viś (class 6, viśati) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

भवनम् (bhavanam) - abode, palace, house

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhavana

bhavana - house, abode, dwelling, palace

From root bhū (to be, to exist).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of prāviśat.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of the Pandava

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, son of Pandu, Pandava

Descendant of Paṇḍu (paṇḍu + aṇ suffix).

हलायुधः (halāyudhaḥ) - Balarama (Halayudha (one whose weapon is a plough))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of halāyudha

halāyudha - one whose weapon is a plough (an epithet of Balarama)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hala+āyudha)

• hala – plough
  noun (masculine)
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: ā

Note: Subject of prāviśat.