महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-133, verse-4

मातोवाच ।
सर्वारम्भा हि विदुषां तात धर्मार्थकारणात् ।
तानेवाभिसमीक्ष्याहं संजय त्वामचूचुदम् ॥४॥

4. mātovāca ,
sarvārambhā hi viduṣāṁ tāta dharmārthakāraṇāt ,
tānevābhisamīkṣyāhaṁ saṁjaya tvāmacūcudam.

4. mātā uvāca sarvārambhāḥ hi viduṣām tāta dharmārthakāraṇāt
tān eva abhisamīkṣya aham saṃjaya tvām acūcudam

4. mātā uvāca tāta viduṣām sarvārambhāḥ hi dharmārthakāraṇāt
aham tān eva abhisamīkṣya saṃjaya tvām acūcudam

4. The mother said: 'My dear son, for the discerning, all undertakings are indeed motivated by righteous conduct (dharma) and material prosperity. Having carefully considered these very objectives, O Saṃjaya, I have urged you.'

Words meanings summery:

• माता (mātā) - mother

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सर्वारम्भाः (sarvārambhāḥ) - all undertakings, all beginnings

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• विदुषाम् (viduṣām) - of the discerning (of the wise, of the knowing ones)

• तात (tāta) - My dear son (dear one, my son)

• धर्मार्थकारणात् (dharmārthakāraṇāt) - motivated by righteous conduct (dharma) and material prosperity (for the sake of dharma and artha, due to dharma and artha)

• तान् (tān) - these (objectives) (those)

• एव (eva) - very (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• अभिसमीक्ष्य (abhisamīkṣya) - having carefully considered (having thoroughly considered, having carefully examined)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

• अचूचुदम् (acūcudam) - I urged, I impelled

Words meanings and morphology

माता (mātā) - mother

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

सर्वारम्भाः (sarvārambhāḥ) - all undertakings, all beginnings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvārambha

sarvārambha - all undertakings, every enterprise

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+ārambha)

• sarva – all, every, whole, entire
  adjective (masculine)
• ārambha – beginning, undertaking, enterprise
  noun (masculine)
  From `ā-rambh` (to begin).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: rambh (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

विदुषाम् (viduṣām) - of the discerning (of the wise, of the knowing ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vidvat

vidvat - wise, knowing, learned

Present Active Participle

Derived from root `vid` (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

तात (tāta) - My dear son (dear one, my son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, my son

धर्मार्थकारणात् (dharmārthakāraṇāt) - motivated by righteous conduct (dharma) and material prosperity (for the sake of dharma and artha, due to dharma and artha)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dharmārthakāraṇa

dharmārthakāraṇa - cause or reason of dharma and artha

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+artha+kāraṇa)

• dharma – righteous conduct, natural law, duty, virtue (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, prosperity, object
  noun (masculine)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, means, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  From root `kṛ` (to do) with suffix `-ana`.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

तान् (tān) - these (objectives) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

एव (eva) - very (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

अभिसमीक्ष्य (abhisamīkṣya) - having carefully considered (having thoroughly considered, having carefully examined)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `īkṣ` (to see, behold) with prefixes `abhi` and `sam`, and suffix `-ya`.

Prefixes: abhi+sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (a proper name)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (singular)

अचूचुदम् (acūcudam) - I urged, I impelled

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, Imperfect (Laṅ) of cud

Causative form, Imperfect tense

Causative stem `cocudaya`, past imperfect (Laṅ) first person singular.

Root: cud (class 1)