महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-133, verse-26

यस्य प्रागेव विदिता सर्वार्थानामनित्यता ।
नुदेद्वृद्धिसमृद्धी स प्रतिकूले नृपात्मज ॥२६॥

26. yasya prāgeva viditā sarvārthānāmanityatā ,
nudedvṛddhisamṛddhī sa pratikūle nṛpātmaja.

26. yasya prāk eva viditā sarvārthānām anityatā
nudet vṛddhisamṛddhī saḥ pratikūle nṛpātmaja

26. nṛpātmaja yasya sarvārthānām anityatā prāk eva viditā,
saḥ (janaḥ) pratikūle (sati) vṛddhisamṛddhī nudet

26. O prince, he for whom the impermanence of all matters is already known, should reject (attachment to) growth and prosperity, even in adverse circumstances.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• प्राक् (prāk) - already, beforehand (before, formerly, previously, eastwards)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, alone

• विदिता (viditā) - known, understood

• सर्वार्थानाम् (sarvārthānām) - of all matters, of all objects

• अनित्यता (anityatā) - impermanence, transience

• नुदेत् (nudet) - he should reject (attachment to) (he should push away, he should reject, he should dispel)

• वृद्धिसमृद्धी (vṛddhisamṛddhī) - growth and prosperity, increase and abundance

• सः (saḥ) - he

• प्रतिकूले (pratikūle) - in adverse circumstances, in opposition, when contrary

• नृपात्मज (nṛpātmaja) - O prince, O son of a king

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

प्राक् (prāk) - already, beforehand (before, formerly, previously, eastwards)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, alone

(indeclinable)

विदिता (viditā) - known, understood

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vidita

vidita - known, understood, perceived, learned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √vid (to know).

Root: √vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'anityatā'.

सर्वार्थानाम् (sarvārthānām) - of all matters, of all objects

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvārtha

sarvārtha - all objects, all matters, all purposes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+artha)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• artha – object, purpose, meaning, wealth, matter, affair
  noun (masculine)

अनित्यता (anityatā) - impermanence, transience

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anityatā

anityatā - impermanence, transience, non-eternity

Derived from anitya (impermanent) + -tā (suffix forming feminine abstract nouns).

नुदेत् (nudet) - he should reject (attachment to) (he should push away, he should reject, he should dispel)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of √nud

Root: √nud (class 6)

वृद्धिसमृद्धी (vṛddhisamṛddhī) - growth and prosperity, increase and abundance

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, dual of vṛddhisamṛddhi

vṛddhisamṛddhi - growth and prosperity, increase and abundance

Compound type : dvandva (vṛddhi+samṛddhi)

• vṛddhi – growth, increase, prosperity, success
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root √vṛdh (to grow).
  Root: √vṛdh (class 1)
• samṛddhi – prosperity, success, abundance, accomplishment
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root √ṛdh (to prosper, grow) with upasarga sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: √ṛdh (class 4)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रतिकूले (pratikūle) - in adverse circumstances, in opposition, when contrary

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pratikūla

pratikūla - adverse, contrary, unfavorable, hostile

Note: Can also be neuter singular locative, meaning 'in an adverse situation'.

नृपात्मज (nṛpātmaja) - O prince, O son of a king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpātmaja

nṛpātmaja - son of a king, prince

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+ātmaja)

• nṛpa – king, monarch
  noun (masculine)
  Literally 'protector of men' (nṛ - man, pa - protector).
• ātmaja – son, offspring
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ātman (self) + √jan (to be born) + -a suffix; literally 'born from oneself'.
  Root: √jan (class 4)