महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-12, verse-7

बहूनि च नृशंसानि कृतानीन्द्रेण वै पुरा ।
वैधर्म्याण्युपधाश्चैव स वः किं न निवारितः ॥७॥

7. bahūni ca nṛśaṁsāni kṛtānīndreṇa vai purā ,
vaidharmyāṇyupadhāścaiva sa vaḥ kiṁ na nivāritaḥ.

7. bahūni ca nṛśaṃsāni kṛtāni indreṇa vai purā
vaidharmyāṇi upadhāḥ ca eva saḥ vaḥ kim na nivāritaḥ

7. Many cruel acts were indeed committed by Indra in the past, along with unrighteous deeds (dharma) and deceptions. Why was he not stopped by you all?

Words meanings summery:

• बहूनि (bahūni) - many, numerous

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• नृशंसानि (nṛśaṁsāni) - cruel deeds, atrocities, heinous acts

• कृतानि (kṛtāni) - were committed (done, performed, made, created)

• इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, in the past

• वैधर्म्याणि (vaidharmyāṇi) - unrighteous acts, transgressions of natural law (dharma), impious deeds

• उपधाः (upadhāḥ) - deceptions, frauds, tricks, stratagems

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, quite, even

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• वः (vaḥ) - by you all (to you, by you, for you, your (plural))

• किम् (kim) - why (what, why, how)

• न (na) - not, no

• निवारितः (nivāritaḥ) - stopped, prevented, restrained, deterred

Words meanings and morphology

बहूनि (bahūni) - many, numerous

(adjective)

neuter, plural of bahu

bahu - many, numerous, much, abundant

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

नृशंसानि (nṛśaṁsāni) - cruel deeds, atrocities, heinous acts

(noun)

neuter, plural of nṛśaṃsa

nṛśaṁsa - cruel, wicked, atrocious; a cruel deed, atrocity

कृतानि (kṛtāni) - were committed (done, performed, made, created)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, created

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of the gods)

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly

(indeclinable)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, in the past

(indeclinable)

वैधर्म्याणि (vaidharmyāṇi) - unrighteous acts, transgressions of natural law (dharma), impious deeds

(noun)

neuter, plural of vaidharmya

vaidharmya - unrighteousness, impiety, violation of natural law (dharma); unrighteous acts

Derived from vi + dharma (natural law/constitution) + ṣyaÑ suffix

उपधाः (upadhāḥ) - deceptions, frauds, tricks, stratagems

(noun)

feminine, plural of upadhā

upadhā - deception, fraud, trick, stratagem, deceit

From upa + dhā

Prefix: upa

Root: dhā (class 3)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, quite, even

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Indra.

वः (vaḥ) - by you all (to you, by you, for you, your (plural))

(pronoun)

plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural)

Note: Here functions as agent in passive construction, hence 'by you'.

किम् (kim) - why (what, why, how)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

निवारितः (nivāritaḥ) - stopped, prevented, restrained, deterred

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivārita

nivārita - stopped, prevented, restrained, deterred, hindered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ (to cover, enclose) with prefix ni (down, in)

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)