महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-12, verse-20

मोघमन्नं विन्दति चाप्यचेताः स्वर्गाल्लोकाद्भ्रश्यति नष्टचेष्टः ।
भीतं प्रपन्नं प्रददाति यो वै न तस्य हव्यं प्रतिगृह्णन्ति देवाः ॥२०॥

20. moghamannaṁ vindati cāpyacetāḥ; svargāllokādbhraśyati naṣṭaceṣṭaḥ ,
bhītaṁ prapannaṁ pradadāti yo vai; na tasya havyaṁ pratigṛhṇanti devāḥ.

20. mogham annam vindati ca api acetāḥ
svargāt lokāt bhraśyati naṣṭaceṣṭaḥ
bhītam prapannam pradadāti yaḥ vai
na tasya havyam pratigṛhṇanti devāḥ

20. Indeed, whoever hands over a frightened, surrendered person (to an enemy), that thoughtless one obtains food in vain, and with his efforts destroyed, he falls from the heavenly worlds. The gods do not accept his offering (havya).

Words meanings summery:

• मोघम् (mogham) - in vain (in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly)

• अन्नम् (annam) - food (food, corn, sustenance)

• विन्दति (vindati) - obtains (finds, obtains, gains)

• च (ca) - and also (and, also, moreover)

• अपि (api) - also (strengthening 'ca') (also, even, and)

• अचेताः (acetāḥ) - the thoughtless one (thoughtless, senseless, ignorant)

• स्वर्गात् (svargāt) - from heaven, from the celestial world

• लोकात् (lokāt) - from the world (celestial) (from the world, from the realm)

• भ्रश्यति (bhraśyati) - falls (from) (falls, deviates, perishes)

• नष्टचेष्टः (naṣṭaceṣṭaḥ) - the one whose efforts are destroyed (whose efforts are destroyed, whose activities are lost)

• भीतम् (bhītam) - a frightened person/one (frightened, terrified)

• प्रपन्नम् (prapannam) - a surrendered person/one (surrendered, arrived, resorted to)

• प्रददाति (pradadāti) - hands over (gives up, hands over, delivers)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, truly)

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• तस्य (tasya) - his, its, of him/it

• हव्यम् (havyam) - offering (havya) (offering, oblation (to gods))

• प्रतिगृह्णन्ति (pratigṛhṇanti) - accept (accept, receive)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods (gods, deities)

Words meanings and morphology

मोघम् (mogham) - in vain (in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mogha

mogha - vain, fruitless, useless

Root: muh

Note: Used adverbially.

अन्नम् (annam) - food (food, corn, sustenance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, corn, sustenance

past passive participle

From root 'ad' (to eat)

Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Object of 'vindati'.

विन्दति (vindati) - obtains (finds, obtains, gains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vid

present active

from root 'vid' (to find)

Root: vid (class 6)

च (ca) - and also (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also (strengthening 'ca') (also, even, and)

(indeclinable)

अचेताः (acetāḥ) - the thoughtless one (thoughtless, senseless, ignorant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of acetas

acetas - thoughtless, senseless, ignorant, without consciousness

a- (privative prefix) + cetas (mind, consciousness)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+cetas)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• cetas – mind, intelligence, consciousness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used substantively for the person.

स्वर्गात् (svargāt) - from heaven, from the celestial world

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial abode, paradise

लोकात् (lokāt) - from the world (celestial) (from the world, from the realm)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

Note: Used in conjunction with 'svarga' to mean 'from the heavenly worlds'.

भ्रश्यति (bhraśyati) - falls (from) (falls, deviates, perishes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhraś

present active

Root: bhraṃś (class 4)

नष्टचेष्टः (naṣṭaceṣṭaḥ) - the one whose efforts are destroyed (whose efforts are destroyed, whose activities are lost)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naṣṭaceṣṭa

naṣṭaceṣṭa - whose efforts are destroyed/lost

naṣṭa (destroyed) + ceṣṭa (effort)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (naṣṭa+ceṣṭa)

• naṣṭa – destroyed, lost, perished
  adjective
  past passive participle
  from root 'naś' (to perish)
  Root: naś (class 4)
• ceṣṭa – movement, effort, action
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used substantively for the person.

भीतम् (bhītam) - a frightened person/one (frightened, terrified)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīta

bhīta - frightened, terrified

past passive participle

from root 'bhī' (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Used substantively.

प्रपन्नम् (prapannam) - a surrendered person/one (surrendered, arrived, resorted to)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prapanna

prapanna - surrendered, resorted to, arrived at

past passive participle

from root 'pad' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Used substantively.

प्रददाति (pradadāti) - hands over (gives up, hands over, delivers)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pradā

present active

from root 'dā' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, truly)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - his, its, of him/it

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हव्यम् (havyam) - offering (havya) (offering, oblation (to gods))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of havya

havya - offering, oblation; fit for offering

gerundive

from root 'hu' (to offer)

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Object of 'pratigṛhṇanti'.

प्रतिगृह्णन्ति (pratigṛhṇanti) - accept (accept, receive)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pratigrah

present active

from root 'grah' with prefix 'prati'

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods (gods, deities)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine

Root: div