महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-12, verse-1

शल्य उवाच ।
क्रुद्धं तु नहुषं ज्ञात्वा देवाः सर्षिपुरोगमाः ।
अब्रुवन्देवराजानं नहुषं घोरदर्शनम् ॥१॥

1. śalya uvāca ,
kruddhaṁ tu nahuṣaṁ jñātvā devāḥ sarṣipurogamāḥ ,
abruvandevarājānaṁ nahuṣaṁ ghoradarśanam.

1. śalyaḥ uvāca kruddham tu nahuṣam jñātvā devāḥ
sarṣipuragamāḥ abruvan devarājānam nahuṣam ghoradarśanam

1. Śalya said: But when the gods, with the sages as their leaders, realized that Nahuṣa, the king of the gods, was angry and had a terrifying appearance, they addressed him.

Words meanings summery:

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - Nahuṣa (as an angry one) (angry)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• नहुषम् (nahuṣam) - Nahuṣa

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods

• सर्षिपुरगमाः (sarṣipuragamāḥ) - with sages as leaders

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke

• देवराजानम् (devarājānam) - Nahuṣa, who was the king of the gods (at that time) (the king of the gods)

• नहुषम् (nahuṣam) - King Nahuṣa, who was also the temporary king of the gods (Nahuṣa)

• घोरदर्शनम् (ghoradarśanam) - Nahuṣa, who appeared terrifying (of terrifying appearance)

Words meanings and morphology

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (name of a king or character)

Masculine nominative singular.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, active voice

Root vac (class 2, P), Perfect tense (liṭ), Active voice (parasmaipada) formation, 3rd person singular. Strong stem uvāc.

Root: vac (class 2)

क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - Nahuṣa (as an angry one) (angry)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root krudh (to be angry). Masculine accusative singular, agreeing with nahuṣam.

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: PPP, modifying `nahuṣam`.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

नहुषम् (nahuṣam) - Nahuṣa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nahuṣa

nahuṣa - Nahuṣa (name of a king)

Masculine accusative singular.

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root jñā (class 9, P) with suffix -tvā.

Root: jñā (class 9)

देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Masculine nominative plural.

Root: div (class 4)

सर्षिपुरगमाः (sarṣipuragamāḥ) - with sages as leaders

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarṣipuragama

sarṣipuragama - having sages as leaders, led by sages, with sages in front

Masculine nominative plural. Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+ṛṣi+puragama)

• sa – with, together with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating accompaniment, forming a Bahuvrīhi compound.
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)
• puragama – going first, leader, chief, forerunner
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from puraḥ (before) + gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies `devāḥ`.

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, active voice

Root brū (class 2, P), Imperfect tense (laṅ), Active voice (parasmaipada) formation, 3rd person plural. Augment a-.

Root: brū (class 2)

देवराजानम् (devarājānam) - Nahuṣa, who was the king of the gods (at that time) (the king of the gods)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devarāja

devarāja - king of gods, Indra

Masculine accusative singular. Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+rājan)

• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of `abruvan`.

नहुषम् (nahuṣam) - King Nahuṣa, who was also the temporary king of the gods (Nahuṣa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nahuṣa

nahuṣa - Nahuṣa (name of a king)

Masculine accusative singular.

घोरदर्शनम् (ghoradarśanam) - Nahuṣa, who appeared terrifying (of terrifying appearance)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghoradarśana

ghoradarśana - of terrible sight, terrible to behold, fearsome in appearance

Masculine accusative singular. Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghora+darśana)

• ghora – terrible, dreadful, awful, fearsome
  adjective (neuter)
• darśana – seeing, sight, appearance, view, vision
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies `nahuṣam`.