महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-245, verse-34

अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
व्रीहिद्रोणपरित्यागाद्यत्फलं प्राप मुद्गलः ॥३४॥

34. atrāpyudāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
vrīhidroṇaparityāgādyatphalaṁ prāpa mudgalaḥ.

34. atra api udāharanti imam itihāsam purātanam
vrihi-droṇa-parityāgāt yat phalam prāpa mudgalaḥ

34. Here, they also cite this ancient story, concerning the fruit (phalam) that Mudgala obtained by renouncing a drona (measure) of rice (vrīhi).

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they cite, they recount, they mention

• इमम् (imam) - this

• इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - story, history, legend

• पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old, primeval

• व्रिहि-द्रोण-परित्यागात् (vrihi-droṇa-parityāgāt) - from the renunciation of a drona of rice

• यत् (yat) - which, what, that

• फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence, reward

• प्राप (prāpa) - obtained, reached, attained

• मुद्गलः (mudgalaḥ) - Mudgala (a sage's name)

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they cite, they recount, they mention

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of udāhṛ

Present Active

3rd person plural

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, the present, the following

इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - story, history, legend

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - story, history, legend, tradition, epic poem, historical narration

पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old, primeval

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purātana

purātana - ancient, old, primeval, belonging to old times

व्रिहि-द्रोण-परित्यागात् (vrihi-droṇa-parityāgāt) - from the renunciation of a drona of rice

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vrihi-droṇa-parityāga

vrihi-droṇa-parityāga - renunciation of a drona of rice, abandoning a specific measure of grain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vrihi+droṇa+parityāga)

• vrihi – rice, paddy, any kind of grain, a measure
  noun (masculine)
• droṇa – a measure of grain (equal to 4 āḍhakas or about 32 seers), a wooden vessel, a bucket, a cloud
  noun (masculine)
• parityāga – renunciation, abandonment, sacrifice, relinquishment
  noun (masculine)
  derived from the root tyaj with prefix pari
  Prefix: pari
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

यत् (yat) - which, what, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that, who, any, whenever

फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence, reward

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward, advantage, profit, harvest, produce

प्राप (prāpa) - obtained, reached, attained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of prāp

Perfect Active

3rd person singular

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

मुद्गलः (mudgalaḥ) - Mudgala (a sage's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mudgala

mudgala - Mudgala (name of a sage, known for his gleaning livelihood), a specific type of bean