महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-245, verse-15

सुखमापतितं सेवेद्दुःखमापतितं सहेत् ।
कालप्राप्तमुपासीत सस्यानामिव कर्षकः ॥१५॥

15. sukhamāpatitaṁ sevedduḥkhamāpatitaṁ sahet ,
kālaprāptamupāsīta sasyānāmiva karṣakaḥ.

15. sukham āpatitam sevet duḥkham āpatitam sahet
kālaprāptam upāsīta sasyānām iva karṣakaḥ

15. One should accept happiness when it arrives and endure suffering when it comes. One should deal with what arises in its proper time, just like a farmer (karṣakaḥ) deals with his crops.

Words meanings summery:

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, pleasure, ease

• आपतितम् (āpatitam) - that which has arrived by itself or occurred naturally (fallen, arrived, befallen)

• सेवेत् (sevet) - one should accept/experience (one should enjoy, one should serve, one should resort to)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, sorrow, pain, difficulty

• आपतितम् (āpatitam) - that which has arrived by itself or occurred naturally (fallen, arrived, befallen)

• सहेत् (sahet) - one should endure, one should bear

• कालप्राप्तम् (kālaprāptam) - that which comes in due course or naturally (that which has arrived in time, timely)

• उपासीत (upāsīta) - one should observe or handle (one should attend to, one should worship, one should deal with)

• सस्यानाम् (sasyānām) - of crops, of grains

• इव (iva) - introducing a simile (like, as, as it were)

• कर्षकः (karṣakaḥ) - farmer, cultivator

Words meanings and morphology

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, pleasure, ease

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, ease, joy

आपतितम् (āpatitam) - that which has arrived by itself or occurred naturally (fallen, arrived, befallen)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āpatita

āpatita - fallen down, come upon, arrived, happened

Past Passive Participle

from root pat (to fall) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

सेवेत् (sevet) - one should accept/experience (one should enjoy, one should serve, one should resort to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of sev

Optative Active

Root: sev (class 1)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, sorrow, pain, difficulty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery, difficulty

आपतितम् (āpatitam) - that which has arrived by itself or occurred naturally (fallen, arrived, befallen)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āpatita

āpatita - fallen down, come upon, arrived, happened

Past Passive Participle

from root pat (to fall) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

सहेत् (sahet) - one should endure, one should bear

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of sah

Optative Active

Root: sah (class 1)

कालप्राप्तम् (kālaprāptam) - that which comes in due course or naturally (that which has arrived in time, timely)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kālaprāpta

kālaprāpta - arrived in due time, timely, seasonal

Past Passive Participle (as part of compound)

Compound of kāla (time) and prāpta (obtained/arrived)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāla+prāpta)

• kāla – time, season, proper time
  noun (masculine)
• prāpta – obtained, reached, arrived, come
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra-
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Adjective functioning as a noun here, referring to 'that which is timely'.

उपासीत (upāsīta) - one should observe or handle (one should attend to, one should worship, one should deal with)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of upās

Optative Middle

from root ās (to sit) with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

सस्यानाम् (sasyānām) - of crops, of grains

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sasya

sasya - crop, grain, produce of the field

इव (iva) - introducing a simile (like, as, as it were)

(indeclinable)

कर्षकः (karṣakaḥ) - farmer, cultivator

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṣaka

karṣaka - farmer, cultivator, ploughman

From root kṛṣ (to plough)

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)