महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-245, verse-17

सत्यमार्जवमक्रोधः संविभागो दमः शमः ।
अनसूयाविहिंसा च शौचमिन्द्रियसंयमः ।
साधनानि महाराज नराणां पुण्यकर्मणाम् ॥१७॥

17. satyamārjavamakrodhaḥ saṁvibhāgo damaḥ śamaḥ ,
anasūyāvihiṁsā ca śaucamindriyasaṁyamaḥ ,
sādhanāni mahārāja narāṇāṁ puṇyakarmaṇām.

17. satyam ārjavam akrodhaḥ saṃvibhāgaḥ
damaḥ śamaḥ anasūyā ahiṃsā ca
śaucam indriyasaṃyamaḥ sādhanāni
mahārāja narāṇām puṇyakarmaṇām

17. Truthfulness, straightforwardness, absence of anger, proper sharing, external self-control (dama), internal tranquility (śama), absence of envy, non-violence, purity, and control of the senses – these, O great king, are the means (to virtuous conduct) for people who perform righteous actions.

17. אמת, יושר, היעדר כעס, שיתוף, ריסון עצמי, שלווה, היעדר קנאה, היעדר אלימות, טוהר וריסון החושים, אלה הם האמצעים של בני אדם בעלי מעשים טובים, הו מלך גדול.

Words meanings summery:

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truthfulness, truth

• आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness, honesty, sincerity

• अक्रोधः (akrodhaḥ) - absence of anger, non-anger

• संविभागः (saṁvibhāgaḥ) - sharing, proper distribution, impartiality

• दमः (damaḥ) - external self-control (self-control, restraint (especially of the external senses))

• शमः (śamaḥ) - internal tranquility, control of the mind (tranquility, calmness, mental control)

• अनसूया (anasūyā) - absence of envy, non-malice

• अहिंसा (ahiṁsā) - non-violence, non-harming

• च (ca) - connecting the preceding item in the list (and, also)

• शौचम् (śaucam) - purity, cleanliness

• इन्द्रियसंयमः (indriyasaṁyamaḥ) - control of the senses

• साधनानि (sādhanāni) - practices or virtues that lead to virtuous conduct (means, instruments, practices, virtues)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Direct address to a king or noble figure. (O great king)

• नराणाम् (narāṇām) - of men, of people

• पुण्यकर्मणाम् (puṇyakarmaṇām) - of those with virtuous actions, of those who do good deeds

Words meanings and morphology

सत्यम् (satyam) - truthfulness, truth

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, truthfulness, reality, sincerity

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness, honesty, sincerity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ārjava

ārjava - straightness, honesty, sincerity, uprightness

derived from ṛju (straight)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

अक्रोधः (akrodhaḥ) - absence of anger, non-anger

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akrodha

akrodha - absence of anger, non-anger

Negative prefix 'a-' added to krodha (anger)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+krodha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative particle
• krodha – anger, wrath, rage
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

संविभागः (saṁvibhāgaḥ) - sharing, proper distribution, impartiality

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvibhāga

saṁvibhāga - division, distribution, sharing, participation, impartiality

from root bhaj (to divide, share) with prefix sam-vi-

Prefixes: sam+vi

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

दमः (damaḥ) - external self-control (self-control, restraint (especially of the external senses))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, self-restraint, control of the senses, taming

from root dam (to tame, control)

Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

शमः (śamaḥ) - internal tranquility, control of the mind (tranquility, calmness, mental control)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śama

śama - calm, tranquility, peace, cessation, mental quietude, control of the mind

from root śam (to be calm, quiet)

Root: śam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

अनसूया (anasūyā) - absence of envy, non-malice

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anasūyā

anasūyā - absence of envy, freedom from jealousy or malice

Negative prefix 'an-' added to asūyā (envy, jealousy)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+asūyā)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative particle (used before vowels)
• asūyā – envy, jealousy, malevolence
  noun (feminine)
  from asūy (to envy)
  Root: asūy (class 10)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

अहिंसा (ahiṁsā) - non-violence, non-harming

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ahiṃsā

ahiṁsā - non-violence, non-harming, harmlessness

Negative prefix 'a-' added to hiṃsā (violence, injury)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hiṃsā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative particle
• hiṃsā – injury, harm, violence
  noun (feminine)
  from root hiṃs (to injure)
  Root: hiṃs (class 7)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

च (ca) - connecting the preceding item in the list (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Postpositive conjunction.

शौचम् (śaucam) - purity, cleanliness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śauca

śauca - purity, cleanliness (physical and mental), integrity

from śuci (pure)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

इन्द्रियसंयमः (indriyasaṁyamaḥ) - control of the senses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indriyasaṃyama

indriyasaṁyama - control of the senses, sensory restraint

Compound of indriya (sense organ) and saṃyama (restraint, control)

Compound type : tatpurusha (indriya+saṃyama)

• indriya – sense organ, faculty of sense, vital power
  noun (neuter)
• saṃyama – restraint, control, checking, self-control
  noun (masculine)
  from sam-yam (to hold together, to restrain)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

साधनानि (sādhanāni) - practices or virtues that lead to virtuous conduct (means, instruments, practices, virtues)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sādhana

sādhana - means, instrument, implement, accomplishment, virtue, practice

from root sādh (to accomplish)

Root: sādh (class 5)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Direct address to a king or noble figure. (O great king)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound of mahā (great) and rājan (king)

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Vocative case for direct address.

नराणाम् (narāṇām) - of men, of people

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being, person

पुण्यकर्मणाम् (puṇyakarmaṇām) - of those with virtuous actions, of those who do good deeds

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of puṇyakarman

puṇyakarman - one whose actions are virtuous, performer of good deeds, righteous

Compound of puṇya (virtuous, meritorious) and karman (action, deed)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (puṇya+karman)

• puṇya – virtuous, meritorious, sacred, good
  adjective (neuter)
• karman – action, deed, work, fate, ritual (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Adjective qualifying "narāṇām".

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