महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-245, verse-17

सत्यमार्जवमक्रोधः संविभागो दमः शमः ।
अनसूयाविहिंसा च शौचमिन्द्रियसंयमः ।
साधनानि महाराज नराणां पुण्यकर्मणाम् ॥१७॥

17. satyamārjavamakrodhaḥ saṁvibhāgo damaḥ śamaḥ ,
anasūyāvihiṁsā ca śaucamindriyasaṁyamaḥ ,
sādhanāni mahārāja narāṇāṁ puṇyakarmaṇām.

17. satyam ārjavam akrodhaḥ saṃvibhāgaḥ
damaḥ śamaḥ anasūyā ahiṃsā ca
śaucam indriyasaṃyamaḥ sādhanāni
mahārāja narāṇām puṇyakarmaṇām

17. Truthfulness, straightforwardness, absence of anger, proper sharing, external self-control (dama), internal tranquility (śama), absence of envy, non-violence, purity, and control of the senses – these, O great king, are the means (to virtuous conduct) for people who perform righteous actions.

Words meanings summery:

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truthfulness, truth

• आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness, honesty, sincerity

• अक्रोधः (akrodhaḥ) - absence of anger, non-anger

• संविभागः (saṁvibhāgaḥ) - sharing, proper distribution, impartiality

• दमः (damaḥ) - external self-control (self-control, restraint (especially of the external senses))

• शमः (śamaḥ) - internal tranquility, control of the mind (tranquility, calmness, mental control)

• अनसूया (anasūyā) - absence of envy, non-malice

• अहिंसा (ahiṁsā) - non-violence, non-harming

• च (ca) - connecting the preceding item in the list (and, also)

• शौचम् (śaucam) - purity, cleanliness

• इन्द्रियसंयमः (indriyasaṁyamaḥ) - control of the senses

• साधनानि (sādhanāni) - practices or virtues that lead to virtuous conduct (means, instruments, practices, virtues)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Direct address to a king or noble figure. (O great king)

• नराणाम् (narāṇām) - of men, of people

• पुण्यकर्मणाम् (puṇyakarmaṇām) - of those with virtuous actions, of those who do good deeds

Words meanings and morphology

सत्यम् (satyam) - truthfulness, truth

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, truthfulness, reality, sincerity

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness, honesty, sincerity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ārjava

ārjava - straightness, honesty, sincerity, uprightness

derived from ṛju (straight)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

अक्रोधः (akrodhaḥ) - absence of anger, non-anger

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akrodha

akrodha - absence of anger, non-anger

Negative prefix 'a-' added to krodha (anger)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+krodha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative particle
• krodha – anger, wrath, rage
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

संविभागः (saṁvibhāgaḥ) - sharing, proper distribution, impartiality

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvibhāga

saṁvibhāga - division, distribution, sharing, participation, impartiality

from root bhaj (to divide, share) with prefix sam-vi-

Prefixes: sam+vi

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

दमः (damaḥ) - external self-control (self-control, restraint (especially of the external senses))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, self-restraint, control of the senses, taming

from root dam (to tame, control)

Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

शमः (śamaḥ) - internal tranquility, control of the mind (tranquility, calmness, mental control)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śama

śama - calm, tranquility, peace, cessation, mental quietude, control of the mind

from root śam (to be calm, quiet)

Root: śam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

अनसूया (anasūyā) - absence of envy, non-malice

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anasūyā

anasūyā - absence of envy, freedom from jealousy or malice

Negative prefix 'an-' added to asūyā (envy, jealousy)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+asūyā)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative particle (used before vowels)
• asūyā – envy, jealousy, malevolence
  noun (feminine)
  from asūy (to envy)
  Root: asūy (class 10)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

अहिंसा (ahiṁsā) - non-violence, non-harming

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ahiṃsā

ahiṁsā - non-violence, non-harming, harmlessness

Negative prefix 'a-' added to hiṃsā (violence, injury)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hiṃsā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative particle
• hiṃsā – injury, harm, violence
  noun (feminine)
  from root hiṃs (to injure)
  Root: hiṃs (class 7)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

च (ca) - connecting the preceding item in the list (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Postpositive conjunction.

शौचम् (śaucam) - purity, cleanliness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śauca

śauca - purity, cleanliness (physical and mental), integrity

from śuci (pure)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

इन्द्रियसंयमः (indriyasaṁyamaḥ) - control of the senses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indriyasaṃyama

indriyasaṁyama - control of the senses, sensory restraint

Compound of indriya (sense organ) and saṃyama (restraint, control)

Compound type : tatpurusha (indriya+saṃyama)

• indriya – sense organ, faculty of sense, vital power
  noun (neuter)
• saṃyama – restraint, control, checking, self-control
  noun (masculine)
  from sam-yam (to hold together, to restrain)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun in a list of virtues.

साधनानि (sādhanāni) - practices or virtues that lead to virtuous conduct (means, instruments, practices, virtues)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sādhana

sādhana - means, instrument, implement, accomplishment, virtue, practice

from root sādh (to accomplish)

Root: sādh (class 5)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Direct address to a king or noble figure. (O great king)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound of mahā (great) and rājan (king)

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Vocative case for direct address.

नराणाम् (narāṇām) - of men, of people

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being, person

पुण्यकर्मणाम् (puṇyakarmaṇām) - of those with virtuous actions, of those who do good deeds

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of puṇyakarman

puṇyakarman - one whose actions are virtuous, performer of good deeds, righteous

Compound of puṇya (virtuous, meritorious) and karman (action, deed)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (puṇya+karman)

• puṇya – virtuous, meritorious, sacred, good
  adjective (neuter)
• karman – action, deed, work, fate, ritual (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Adjective qualifying "narāṇām".