महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-245, verse-2

फलमूलाशनास्ते हि सुखार्हा दुःखमुत्तमम् ।
प्राप्तकालमनुध्यान्तः सेहुरुत्तमपूरुषाः ॥२॥

2. phalamūlāśanāste hi sukhārhā duḥkhamuttamam ,
prāptakālamanudhyāntaḥ sehuruttamapūruṣāḥ.

2. phalamūlāśanāḥ te hi sukhārhāḥ duḥkham uttamam
prāptakālam anudhyāntaḥ sehuḥ uttamapūruṣāḥ

2. Indeed, those excellent men (puruṣa) who subsisted on fruits and roots, endured great suffering (duḥkha), even though they were deserving of happiness, accepting it as appropriate for the time.

Words meanings summery:

• फलमूलाशनाः (phalamūlāśanāḥ) - those who eat fruits and roots, fruit-and-root eaters

• ते (te) - they

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, certainly

• सुखार्हाः (sukhārhāḥ) - deserving of happiness, worthy of happiness

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, misery, sorrow

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - great, supreme, excellent, highest

• प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - at the appointed time, when the time came, suitable for the occasion

• अनुध्यान्तः (anudhyāntaḥ) - reflecting upon, meditating on, enduring (patiently)

• सेहुः (sehuḥ) - they endured, they tolerated

• उत्तमपूरुषाः (uttamapūruṣāḥ) - excellent men, supreme individuals (puruṣa)

Words meanings and morphology

फलमूलाशनाः (phalamūlāśanāḥ) - those who eat fruits and roots, fruit-and-root eaters

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of phalamūlāśana

phalamūlāśana - one who eats fruits and roots

Compound type : bahuvrihi (phala+mūla+āśana)

• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
• mūla – root, origin, foundation
  noun (neuter)
• āśana – eating, food
  noun (neuter)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

सुखार्हाः (sukhārhāḥ) - deserving of happiness, worthy of happiness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sukhārha

sukhārha - deserving happiness

Compound type : tatpurusha (sukha+arha)

• sukha – happiness, joy, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• arha – deserving, worthy, fit
  adjective

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, misery, sorrow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, misery, sorrow

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - great, supreme, excellent, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, principal, chief

प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - at the appointed time, when the time came, suitable for the occasion

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāptakāla

prāptakāla - appointed time, due time

Compound type : tatpurusha (prāpta+kāla)

• prāpta – obtained, reached, arrived
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'āp' with prefix 'pra'
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)
• kāla – time, season, proper time
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially as 'at the appointed time'.

अनुध्यान्तः (anudhyāntaḥ) - reflecting upon, meditating on, enduring (patiently)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anudhyānt

anudhyānt - reflecting, meditating, contemplating

Present Active Participle

From verb 'dhyā' (to contemplate) with prefix 'anu'

Prefix: anu

Root: dhyā (class 1)

सेहुः (sehuḥ) - they endured, they tolerated

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of sah

Perfect Active

3rd person plural Perfect active of root 'sah'

Root: sah (class 1)

उत्तमपूरुषाः (uttamapūruṣāḥ) - excellent men, supreme individuals (puruṣa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of uttamapūruṣa

uttamapūruṣa - excellent man, supreme person

Compound type : karmadhāraya (uttama+puruṣa)

• uttama – highest, best, excellent
  adjective
• puruṣa – man, person, male, the conscious principle (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)