महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-245, verse-31

विशेषस्त्वत्र विज्ञेयो न्यायेनोपार्जितं धनम् ।
पात्रे देशे च काले च साधुभ्यः प्रतिपादयेत् ॥३१॥

31. viśeṣastvatra vijñeyo nyāyenopārjitaṁ dhanam ,
pātre deśe ca kāle ca sādhubhyaḥ pratipādayet.

31. viśeṣaḥ tu atra vijñeyaḥ nyāyena upārjitam dhanam
pātre deśe ca kāle ca sādhubhyaḥ pratipādayet

31. However, a specific point must be understood here: wealth acquired through just means should be bestowed upon virtuous individuals (sādhu), in an appropriate place, and at the right time.

Words meanings summery:

• विशेषः (viśeṣaḥ) - a specific point (distinction, speciality, particularity, specific point)

• तु (tu) - however (but, however, indeed)

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this context (here, in this matter)

• विज्ञेयः (vijñeyaḥ) - must be understood (to be known, should be known, discernible)

• न्यायेन (nyāyena) - through just means (by justice, by right, by law, by logical method)

• उपार्जितम् (upārjitam) - acquired (acquired, earned, gained)

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth (wealth, money, riches)

• पात्रे (pātre) - to a worthy recipient (in a vessel, to a worthy person, in a recipient)

• देशे (deśe) - in an appropriate place (in a place, in a region)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• काले (kāle) - at the right time (in time, at the proper time)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• साधुभ्यः (sādhubhyaḥ) - to virtuous individuals (sādhu) (to/for the good, virtuous, holy ones)

• प्रतिपादयेत् (pratipādayet) - should be bestowed (one should give, one should bestow, one should present)

Words meanings and morphology

विशेषः (viśeṣaḥ) - a specific point (distinction, speciality, particularity, specific point)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśeṣa

viśeṣa - distinction, specific point, speciality, difference

From vi-√śiṣ (to distinguish).

Prefix: vi

Root: √śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti' (is).

तु (tu) - however (but, however, indeed)

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this context (here, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

विज्ञेयः (vijñeyaḥ) - must be understood (to be known, should be known, discernible)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vijñeya

vijñeya - to be known, discernible, should be understood

Gerundive

From vi-√jñā (to know, perceive) with suffix -eya.

Prefix: vi

Root: √jñā (class 9)

न्यायेन (nyāyena) - through just means (by justice, by right, by law, by logical method)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nyāya

nyāya - justice, right, rule, method, logical principle

From ni-√i (to go into, to enter) with suffix -a.

Prefix: ni

Root: √i (class 2)

Note: Indicates the means of acquisition.

उपार्जितम् (upārjitam) - acquired (acquired, earned, gained)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upārjita

upārjita - acquired, earned, gained

Past Passive Participle

From upa-√arj (to acquire, earn) with suffix -ta.

Prefix: upa

Root: √arj (class 1)

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth (wealth, money, riches)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, property, money, riches

From root √dhā (to place, hold, support).

Root: √dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of 'pratipādayet' or subject complement in apposition.

पात्रे (pātre) - to a worthy recipient (in a vessel, to a worthy person, in a recipient)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pātra

pātra - vessel, container, deserving person, worthy recipient

From root √pā (to protect, drink).

Root: √pā (class 2)

देशे (deśe) - in an appropriate place (in a place, in a region)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, country, region

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

काले (kāle) - at the right time (in time, at the proper time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, proper time

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

साधुभ्यः (sādhubhyaḥ) - to virtuous individuals (sādhu) (to/for the good, virtuous, holy ones)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, holy man, sage

From root √sādh (to accomplish, succeed).

Root: √sādh (class 5)

Note: Recipient of the action 'pratipādayet'.

प्रतिपादयेत् (pratipādayet) - should be bestowed (one should give, one should bestow, one should present)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of pratipād

Optative Mood, Third Person Singular, Parasmaipada

Causative of prati-√pad (to fall into, reach) or from prati-√dā (to give back, return). Here, it means 'cause to fall, present'.

Prefix: prati

Root: √pad (class 4)