महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-245, verse-26

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
भगवन्दानधर्माणां तपसो वा महामुने ।
किं स्विद्बहुगुणं प्रेत्य किं वा दुष्करमुच्यते ॥२६॥

26. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
bhagavandānadharmāṇāṁ tapaso vā mahāmune ,
kiṁ svidbahuguṇaṁ pretya kiṁ vā duṣkaramucyate.

26. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca bhagavan dānadharmāṇām tapasaḥ vā
mahāmune kim svid bahuguṇam pretya kim vā duṣkaram ucyate

26. Yudhishthira said: "O revered one, O great sage, which is considered more beneficial (having many virtues) in the next world: the intrinsic nature of giving (dāna-dharma) or austerity (tapas)? And what is said to be the most difficult to perform?"

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one, O blessed one

• दानधर्माणाम् (dānadharmāṇām) - of the intrinsic nature of giving, of the virtues of charity

• तपसः (tapasaḥ) - of austerity (tapas)

• वा (vā) - or

• महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage

• किम् (kim) - what

• स्विद् (svid) - indeed, possibly (particle)

• बहुगुणम् (bahuguṇam) - having many virtues, highly meritorious, more beneficial

• प्रेत्य (pretya) - after dying, in the next world, having passed away

• किम् (kim) - what

• वा (vā) - or

• दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult to do/perform, hard to achieve

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (a proper name, eldest Pandava brother)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one, O blessed one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - revered, blessed, glorious, divine, fortunate

दानधर्माणाम् (dānadharmāṇām) - of the intrinsic nature of giving, of the virtues of charity

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dānadharma

dānadharma - the virtue of giving, the natural law of charity, the intrinsic nature of giving

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dāna+dharma)

• dāna – giving, charity, donation
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  Root: dā (class 3)
• dharma – intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)

तपसः (tapasaḥ) - of austerity (tapas)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual discipline, heat

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmuni

mahāmuni - great sage, great ascetic

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+muni)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
• muni – sage, ascetic, recluse, silent one
  noun (masculine)

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

स्विद् (svid) - indeed, possibly (particle)

(indeclinable)

बहुगुणम् (bahuguṇam) - having many virtues, highly meritorious, more beneficial

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bahuguṇa

bahuguṇa - having many qualities/virtues, very meritorious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+guṇa)

• bahu – much, many
  adjective
• guṇa – quality, virtue, merit, strand, cord
  noun (masculine)

प्रेत्य (pretya) - after dying, in the next world, having passed away

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

formed from root 'i' with prefix 'pra' and suffix '-tya'

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult to do/perform, hard to achieve

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult to do, hard, arduous

Prefix: dus

Root: kṛ (class 8)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)