महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-17, verse-23

ततः सुतुमुलं युद्धं चारुदेष्णविविन्ध्ययोः ।
वृत्रवासवयो राजन्यथा पूर्वं तथाभवत् ॥२३॥

23. tataḥ sutumulaṁ yuddhaṁ cārudeṣṇavivindhyayoḥ ,
vṛtravāsavayo rājanyathā pūrvaṁ tathābhavat.

23. tataḥ sutumulam yuddham cārudeṣṇavivindhyayoḥ
vṛtravāsavayoḥ rājan yathā pūrvam tathā abhavat

23. O king, then a very fierce battle took place between Charudeṣṇa and Vivindhya, just as it had previously occurred between Vritra and Vasava (Indra).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• सुतुमुलम् (sutumulam) - very fierce, extremely tumultuous

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

• चारुदेष्णविविन्ध्ययोः (cārudeṣṇavivindhyayoḥ) - between Prince Charudeṣṇa and the demon Vivindhya (of Charudeṣṇa and Vivindhya, between Charudeṣṇa and Vivindhya)

• वृत्रवासवयोः (vṛtravāsavayoḥ) - between the demon Vritra and the god Indra (of Vritra and Vasava (Indra), between Vritra and Vasava)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• अभवत् (abhavat) - happened, occurred, was

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates sequence of events.

सुतुमुलम् (sutumulam) - very fierce, extremely tumultuous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sutumula

sutumula - very tumultuous, exceedingly fierce

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+tumula)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating intensity or excellence
• tumula – tumultuous, noisy, agitated, fierce
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Qualifies yuddham.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Particple used as noun

Derived from √yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of abhavat.

चारुदेष्णविविन्ध्ययोः (cārudeṣṇavivindhyayoḥ) - between Prince Charudeṣṇa and the demon Vivindhya (of Charudeṣṇa and Vivindhya, between Charudeṣṇa and Vivindhya)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of cārudeṣṇavivindhya

cārudeṣṇavivindhya - Charudeṣṇa and Vivindhya

Compound type : dvandva (cārudeṣṇa+vivindhya)

• cārudeṣṇa – Charudeṣṇa (name of a prince)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vivindhya – Vivindhya (name of a demon)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the participants of the battle.

वृत्रवासवयोः (vṛtravāsavayoḥ) - between the demon Vritra and the god Indra (of Vritra and Vasava (Indra), between Vritra and Vasava)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of vṛtravāsava

vṛtravāsava - Vritra and Vasava (Indra)

Compound type : dvandva (vṛtra+vāsava)

• vṛtra – Vritra (name of a demon)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vāsava – Vasava (an epithet of Indra)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Patronymic from Vasu, meaning 'son of Vasu'

Note: Serves as a simile, comparing the current battle to a famous mythological one.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Note: Direct address.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pūrva

pūrva - former, previous, eastern

Note: Adverbial usage, indicating time.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Corresponds to yathā, completing the comparison.

अभवत् (abhavat) - happened, occurred, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root √bhū, 1st class, parasmaipada. Form: a-bhav-at.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The main verb, describing the occurrence of the battle.