महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-17, verse-1

वासुदेव उवाच ।
तां तूपयात्वा राजेन्द्र शाल्वः सौभपतिस्तदा ।
प्रभूतनरनागेन बलेनोपविवेश ह ॥१॥

1. vāsudeva uvāca ,
tāṁ tūpayātvā rājendra śālvaḥ saubhapatistadā ,
prabhūtanaranāgena balenopaviveśa ha.

1. vāsudeva uvāca | tām tu upayātvā rājendra śālvaḥ
saubhapatiḥ tadā | prabhūtanaranāgena balena upaviveśa ha

1. Vāsudeva said: "O king of kings, then Śālva, the lord of Saubha, having attacked Dvārakā, encamped there with an army abundant in men and elephants."

Words meanings summery:

• वासुदेव (vāsudeva) - Lord Krishna (Vāsudeva (son of Vasudeva))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ताम् (tām) - referring to Dvārakā (her, that)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• उपयात्वा (upayātvā) - having approached, having attacked

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - addressing the listener king (e.g., Parīkṣit) (O king of kings, O chief of kings)

• शाल्वः (śālvaḥ) - Śālva

• सौभपतिः (saubhapatiḥ) - lord of Saubha

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• प्रभूतनरनागेन (prabhūtanaranāgena) - by a force with many men and elephants

• बलेन (balena) - by the army, by the force

• उपविवेश (upaviveśa) - encamped, settled down, took a seat

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely (emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

वासुदेव (vāsudeva) - Lord Krishna (Vāsudeva (son of Vasudeva))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva; Lord Krishna

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect (Liṭ) tense

3rd person singular, active voice of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ताम् (tām) - referring to Dvārakā (her, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

उपयात्वा (upayātvā) - having approached, having attacked

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Ktvā)

formed from root yā (to go) with prefix upa, and ktvā suffix

Prefix: upa

Root: yā (class 2)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - addressing the listener king (e.g., Parīkṣit) (O king of kings, O chief of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, chief of kings

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord
  noun (masculine)

शाल्वः (śālvaḥ) - Śālva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śālva

śālva - name of a king, a rival of Krishna

सौभपतिः (saubhapatiḥ) - lord of Saubha

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saubhapati

saubhapati - lord of Saubha (a flying city/airship)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (saubha+pati)

• saubha – name of a city, especially a flying city belonging to Śālva
  proper noun (neuter)
• pati – lord, master, owner
  noun (masculine)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

प्रभूतनरनागेन (prabhūtanaranāgena) - by a force with many men and elephants

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prabhūtanaranāga

prabhūtanaranāga - having many men and elephants

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (prabhūta+naranāga)

• prabhūta – abundant, many, plentiful
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  formed from root bhū (to be) with prefix pra, and kta suffix
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• naranāga – men and elephants
  noun (masculine)

बलेन (balena) - by the army, by the force

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

उपविवेश (upaviveśa) - encamped, settled down, took a seat

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of upaviś

Perfect (Liṭ) tense

3rd person singular, active voice of root viś (to enter) with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

ह (ha) - indeed, surely (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)