महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-17, verse-19

स वेगवति कौन्तेय साम्बो वेगवतीं गदाम् ।
चिक्षेप तरसा वीरो व्याविध्य सत्यविक्रमः ॥१९॥

19. sa vegavati kaunteya sāmbo vegavatīṁ gadām ,
cikṣepa tarasā vīro vyāvidhya satyavikramaḥ.

19. saḥ vegavati kaunteya sāmbaḥ vegavatīm gadām
cikṣepa tarasā vīraḥ vyāvidhya satyavikramaḥ

19. O son of Kunti (Kaunteya), that hero (vīra) Samba, who possessed true valor (satyavikrama), having brandished his powerful mace, threw it with force at Vegavat.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• वेगवति (vegavati) - at Vegavat (proper name); in a swift one; concerning the swift one

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti, O Arjuna

• साम्बः (sāmbaḥ) - Samba (proper name)

• वेगवतीम् (vegavatīm) - swift, powerful, impetuous (feminine)

• गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

• चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - threw, cast, hurled

• तरसा (tarasā) - with speed, with force, quickly

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave man

• व्याविध्य (vyāvidhya) - having brandished, having whirled

• सत्यविक्रमः (satyavikramaḥ) - of true valor, whose prowess is true

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Samba

वेगवति (vegavati) - at Vegavat (proper name); in a swift one; concerning the swift one

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vegavat

vegavat - swift, impetuous, quick; (as proper noun) Vegavān/Vegavat

Note: Target of the action 'threw'

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti, O Arjuna

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti, Arjuna

Patronymic from Kunti

Note: Address to the listener

साम्बः (sāmbaḥ) - Samba (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāmba

sāmba - Samba (proper name, son of Kṛṣṇa)

Note: Subject of the sentence

वेगवतीम् (vegavatīm) - swift, powerful, impetuous (feminine)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vegavatī

vegavatī - swift, powerful, impetuous (feminine)

Note: Qualifies 'gadām'

गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

Note: Object of 'cikṣepa'

चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - threw, cast, hurled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of kṣip

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Main verb

तरसा (tarasā) - with speed, with force, quickly

(noun)

Instrumental, singular of taras

taras - speed, velocity, force

Note: Adverbial use

वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Appositive to 'sāmbaḥ'

व्याविध्य (vyāvidhya) - having brandished, having whirled

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root vyāvidh- 'to brandish, whirl' (vi + ā + vidh)

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: vidh (class 6)

Note: Describes an action preceding the main verb

सत्यविक्रमः (satyavikramaḥ) - of true valor, whose prowess is true

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavikrama

satyavikrama - of true valor, whose prowess is true

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+vikrama)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• vikrama – valor, prowess, might, step
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'sāmbaḥ'