महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-17, verse-11

गृहीत्वा तु धनुः साम्बः शाल्वस्य सचिवं रणे ।
योधयामास संहृष्टः क्षेमवृद्धिं चमूपतिम् ॥११॥

11. gṛhītvā tu dhanuḥ sāmbaḥ śālvasya sacivaṁ raṇe ,
yodhayāmāsa saṁhṛṣṭaḥ kṣemavṛddhiṁ camūpatim.

11. gṛhītvā tu dhanuḥ sāmbaḥ śālvasya sacivam raṇe
yodhayāmāsa saṃhṛṣṭaḥ kṣemavṛddhim camūpatim

11. Sāmba, indeed, greatly pleased, took up his bow and fought Kṣemavṛddhi, King Shalva's minister and army commander, in that battle.

Words meanings summery:

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, having grasped

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• साम्बः (sāmbaḥ) - Samba

• शाल्वस्य (śālvasya) - of Shalva, of King Shalva

• सचिवम् (sacivam) - minister, companion

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

• योधयामास (yodhayāmāsa) - he caused to fight, he fought

• संहृष्टः (saṁhṛṣṭaḥ) - greatly pleased, overjoyed, delighted

• क्षेमवृद्धिम् (kṣemavṛddhim) - Kṣemavṛddhi (King Shalva's minister) (Kṣemavṛddhi (name))

• चमूपतिम् (camūpatim) - commander of the army

Words meanings and morphology

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, having grasped

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive of root √grah (9th class)

Root: grah (class 9)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

साम्बः (sāmbaḥ) - Samba

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāmba

sāmba - Samba (name of a son of Krishna)

शाल्वस्य (śālvasya) - of Shalva, of King Shalva

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śālva

śālva - Shalva (name of a king or kingdom)

सचिवम् (sacivam) - minister, companion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saciva

saciva - companion, minister, assistant

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

योधयामास (yodhayāmāsa) - he caused to fight, he fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of yodhaya

Causative stem + Periphrastic Perfect

Causative of root √yudh (4th class), formed with 'ām āsa'

Root: yudh (class 4)

संहृष्टः (saṁhṛṣṭaḥ) - greatly pleased, overjoyed, delighted

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃhṛṣṭa

saṁhṛṣṭa - greatly pleased, overjoyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √hṛṣ (4th class) with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

क्षेमवृद्धिम् (kṣemavṛddhim) - Kṣemavṛddhi (King Shalva's minister) (Kṣemavṛddhi (name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣemavṛddhi

kṣemavṛddhi - Kṣemavṛddhi (a proper name, means prosperity and growth)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣema+vṛddhi)

• kṣema – safety, welfare, prosperity
  noun (masculine)
• vṛddhi – growth, increase, prosperity
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

चमूपतिम् (camūpatim) - commander of the army

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of camūpati

camūpati - commander of an army, general

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (camū+pati)

• camū – army, host
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, chief
  noun (masculine)