महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-41, verse-22

इच्छतः सा हि सिंहस्य भीष्म जीवत्यसंशयम् ।
तद्वत्त्वमप्यधर्मज्ञ सदा वाचः प्रभाषसे ॥२२॥

22. icchataḥ sā hi siṁhasya bhīṣma jīvatyasaṁśayam ,
tadvattvamapyadharmajña sadā vācaḥ prabhāṣase.

22. icchataḥ sā hi siṃhasya bhīṣma jīvati asaṃśayam
tadvat tvam api adharmajña sadā vācaḥ prabhāṣase

22. O Bhishma, indeed, she survives without doubt only because the lion allows it. Similarly, you, who are ignorant of natural law (dharma), constantly utter such words.

Words meanings summery:

• इच्छतः (icchataḥ) - of the one wishing, of the willing one (referring to the lion) (of one wishing, of one desiring, of one intending)

• सा (sā) - she (the Bhūliṅga bird) (she, that (feminine))

• हि (hi) - indeed, for (introduces an explanation/justification) (indeed, for, because)

• सिंहस्य (siṁhasya) - of the lion

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - O Bhishma (as an address) (O Bhishma, terrible, formidable)

• जीवति (jīvati) - lives, survives (lives, exists, is alive)

• असंशयम् (asaṁśayam) - without doubt (without doubt, certainly, undoubtedly)

• तद्वत् (tadvat) - similarly (like that, similarly, in that manner)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Bhishma) (you (singular))

• अपि (api) - also, too (also, even, too)

• अधर्मज्ञ (adharmajña) - O ignorant of natural law (dharma) (ignorant of dharma, unrighteous)

• सदा (sadā) - constantly (always, ever, constantly)

• वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, utterances (words, speech, utterances)

• प्रभाषसे (prabhāṣase) - you utter (you speak, you utter, you declare)

Words meanings and morphology

इच्छतः (icchataḥ) - of the one wishing, of the willing one (referring to the lion) (of one wishing, of one desiring, of one intending)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of icchat

icchat - Wishing, desiring, intending.

Present Active Participle

Derived from root `iṣ` (to wish, to desire), 6th class, often seen as `icch` (desiderative form of `iṣ`).

Root: iṣ (class 6)

सा (sā) - she (the Bhūliṅga bird) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - That, she, it.

हि (hi) - indeed, for (introduces an explanation/justification) (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

सिंहस्य (siṁhasya) - of the lion

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - Lion.

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - O Bhishma (as an address) (O Bhishma, terrible, formidable)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name); terrible, formidable.

जीवति (jīvati) - lives, survives (lives, exists, is alive)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present tense, active voice, third person singular.

Root `jīv`, 1st class.

Root: jīv (class 1)

असंशयम् (asaṁśayam) - without doubt (without doubt, certainly, undoubtedly)

(indeclinable)

Negation (`a`) of `saṃśaya` (doubt).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+saṃśaya)

• a – Not, un-, in- (negative prefix).
  indeclinable
• saṃśaya – Doubt, uncertainty, hesitation.
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `śī` (to lie, to doubt) with prefix `sam`.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śī

तद्वत् (tadvat) - similarly (like that, similarly, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

From `tad` (that) + `vat` (like/as).

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Bhishma) (you (singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - You.

अपि (api) - also, too (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

अधर्मज्ञ (adharmajña) - O ignorant of natural law (dharma) (ignorant of dharma, unrighteous)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of adharmajña

adharmajña - Ignorant of natural law (dharma); knowing unrighteousness; unrighteous.

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha/upapada-tatpurusha (a+dharma+jña)

• a – Not, un-, in- (negative prefix).
  indeclinable
• dharma – Natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion.
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – Knowing, understanding, conversant with.
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  From root `jñā` (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

सदा (sadā) - constantly (always, ever, constantly)

(indeclinable)

वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, utterances (words, speech, utterances)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - Word, speech, voice, utterance.

Root: vac

प्रभाषसे (prabhāṣase) - you utter (you speak, you utter, you declare)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pra-bhāṣ

Present tense, middle voice, second person singular.

Root `bhāṣ` (to speak), 1st class (often Atmanepada), with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)