महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-20, verse-8

राजा राज्ञः कथं साधून्हिंस्यान्नृपतिसत्तम ।
तद्राज्ञः संनिगृह्य त्वं रुद्रायोपजिहीर्षसि ॥८॥

8. rājā rājñaḥ kathaṁ sādhūnhiṁsyānnṛpatisattama ,
tadrājñaḥ saṁnigṛhya tvaṁ rudrāyopajihīrṣasi.

8. rājā rājñaḥ katham sādhūn hiṃsyāt nṛpatisattama
tat rājñaḥ saṃnigṛhya tvam rudrāya upajihīrṣasi

8. O best of kings, how can a king harm righteous people (sādhūn), who are themselves kings? Having seized those kings, you intend to offer them as a sacrifice to Rudra.

Words meanings summery:

• राजा (rājā) - king

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of a king

• कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

• साधून् (sādhūn) - virtuous, good people

• हिंस्यात् (hiṁsyāt) - should harm, should kill

• नृपतिसत्तम (nṛpatisattama) - O best of kings, O most excellent ruler

• तत् (tat) - those (referring to the kings) (that)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - kings

• संनिगृह्य (saṁnigṛhya) - having seized, having restrained, having arrested

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• रुद्राय (rudrāya) - to Rudra

• उपजिहीर्षसि (upajihīrṣasi) - you wish to offer/sacrifice

Words meanings and morphology

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of a king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

(indeclinable)

साधून् (sādhūn) - virtuous, good people

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, holy man

हिंस्यात् (hiṁsyāt) - should harm, should kill

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of hiṃs

Root: hiṃs (class 7)

नृपतिसत्तम (nṛpatisattama) - O best of kings, O most excellent ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpatisattama

nṛpatisattama - best of kings, most excellent ruler

Compound of nṛpati (king) and sattama (best)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛpati+sattama)

• nṛpati – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of sat (good)

तत् (tat) - those (referring to the kings) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the act or refers to the kings (often tad can take contextually male/female objects). Given the next word is rājñaḥ (acc. pl. masc.) it acts as an adjective here.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king

Note: Here, rājñaḥ is accusative plural, referring to the kings who are being offered.

संनिगृह्य (saṁnigṛhya) - having seized, having restrained, having arrested

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root grah (to seize) with upasargas sam- (together) and ni- (down, in)

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: grah (class 9)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

रुद्राय (rudrāya) - to Rudra

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rudra

rudra - Rudra (a Vedic deity, later identified with Shiva)

उपजिहीर्षसि (upajihīrṣasi) - you wish to offer/sacrifice

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of upajihīrṣ

Desiderative

Desiderative stem of root hṛ (to seize, carry) with upasarga upa- (near, towards)

Prefix: upa

Root: hṛ (class 1)