महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-20, verse-30

स तु सेनापती राजा सस्मार भरतर्षभ ।
कौशिकं चित्रसेनं च तस्मिन्युद्ध उपस्थिते ॥३०॥

30. sa tu senāpatī rājā sasmāra bharatarṣabha ,
kauśikaṁ citrasenaṁ ca tasminyuddha upasthite.

30. saḥ tu senāpatī rājā sasmāra bharata ṛṣabha
kauśikam citrasenam ca tasmin yuddhe upasthite

30. But that king (Jarāsaṃdha), O best of Bharatas, remembered (sasmāra) his two commanders (senāpati), Kauśika and Citrasena, when that battle (yuddha) was imminent.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (king, Jarāsaṃdha) (he, that)

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• सेनापती (senāpatī) - two commanders, two generals

• राजा (rājā) - the king (Jarāsaṃdha) (king, ruler)

• सस्मार (sasmāra) - remembered, recollected

• भरत (bharata) - Bharata (an ancient king, ancestor of Kuru dynasty)

• ऋषभ (ṛṣabha) - best (of the Bharatas) (bull, best, chief)

• कौशिकम् (kauśikam) - Kauśika (proper name)

• चित्रसेनम् (citrasenam) - Citrasena (proper name)

• च (ca) - and

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (battle) (in that, in him)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in that battle (which was about to happen) (in battle, in fight)

• उपस्थिते (upasthite) - when it was imminent, when it had arrived (having arrived, present, imminent, at hand)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (king, Jarāsaṃdha) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Jarāsaṃdha.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a particle for contrast or emphasis.

सेनापती (senāpatī) - two commanders, two generals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of senāpati

senāpati - commander, general

Note: Refers to Kauśika and Citrasena.

राजा (rājā) - the king (Jarāsaṃdha) (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Appositive to 'saḥ'.

सस्मार (sasmāra) - remembered, recollected

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of smṛ

Root: smṛ (class 1)

भरत (bharata) - Bharata (an ancient king, ancestor of Kuru dynasty)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - descendant of Bharata, a member of the Bharata lineage

Note: First part of the compound 'bharatarṣabha'.

ऋषभ (ṛṣabha) - best (of the Bharatas) (bull, best, chief)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - bull, chief, best, excellent

Note: Second part of the compound 'bharatarṣabha'. Used as an honorific address.

कौशिकम् (kauśikam) - Kauśika (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kauśika

kauśika - Kauśika (name of a king or commander)

Note: Object of 'sasmāra'.

चित्रसेनम् (citrasenam) - Citrasena (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of citrasena

citrasena - Citrasena (name of a king or commander)

Note: Object of 'sasmāra'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (battle) (in that, in him)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Modifying 'yuddhe'.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in that battle (which was about to happen) (in battle, in fight)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Derived from root yudh.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'upasthite'.

उपस्थिते (upasthite) - when it was imminent, when it had arrived (having arrived, present, imminent, at hand)

(participle)

Locative, neuter, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, at hand, standing near, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (class 1) with prefix upa. Locative singular neuter.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction modifying 'yuddhe'.