महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-20, verse-24

त्वामाह्वयामहे राजन्स्थिरो युध्यस्व मागध ।
मुञ्च वा नृपतीन्सर्वान्मा गमस्त्वं यमक्षयम् ॥२४॥

24. tvāmāhvayāmahe rājansthiro yudhyasva māgadha ,
muñca vā nṛpatīnsarvānmā gamastvaṁ yamakṣayam.

24. tvām āhvayāmahe rājan sthiraḥ yudhyasva māgadha
muñca vā nṛpatīn sarvān mā gamaḥ tvam yamakṣayam

24. O King of Magadha, we challenge you! Fight steadfastly, or else release all the kings, so that you do not go to the abode of Yama.

Words meanings summery:

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

• आह्वयामहे (āhvayāmahe) - we challenge, we invite

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• स्थिरः (sthiraḥ) - firm, steadfast, steady

• युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - fight (imperative)

• मागध (māgadha) - O king of Magadha, belonging to Magadha

• मुञ्च (muñca) - release, set free

• वा (vā) - or

• नृपतीन् (nṛpatīn) - kings, rulers

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all

• मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive)

• गमः (gamaḥ) - you go, may you go

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• यमक्षयम् (yamakṣayam) - to the abode of Yama, to destruction by Yama

Words meanings and morphology

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

आह्वयामहे (āhvayāmahe) - we challenge, we invite

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of hve

From root 'hū' (to call) with upasarga 'ā'. Present tense, 1st person plural, middle voice (ātmanepada).

Prefix: ā

Root: hū (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

स्थिरः (sthiraḥ) - firm, steadfast, steady

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthira

sthira - firm, steady, stable, fixed, constant

From root sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'you'.

युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - fight (imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of yudh

Present stem 'yudhya'. Imperative, 2nd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: yudh (class 4)

मागध (māgadha) - O king of Magadha, belonging to Magadha

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māgadha

māgadha - a native of Magadha, king of Magadha

Derived from Magadha + aṇ (adjectival/patronymic affix).

मुञ्च (muñca) - release, set free

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of muc

Present stem 'muñca'. Imperative, 2nd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada).

Root: muc (class 6)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

नृपतीन् (nṛpatīn) - kings, rulers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'nṛpatīn'.

मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive)

(indeclinable)

Prohibitive particle.

गमः (gamaḥ) - you go, may you go

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist subjunctive (luṅ (with prohibitive sense)) of gam

Aorist form (2nd person singular) used with 'mā' for prohibition.

Root: gam (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

यमक्षयम् (yamakṣayam) - to the abode of Yama, to destruction by Yama

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yamakṣaya

yamakṣaya - Yama's abode, Yama's destruction

Compound type : tatpurusha (yama+kṣaya)

• yama – Yama (god of death), restraint
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṣaya – abode, dwelling, destruction, end, loss
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṣi (to dwell, to perish).
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Acts as an adverb of place/goal.