महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-20, verse-14

को हि जानन्नभिजनमात्मनः क्षत्रियो नृप ।
नाविशेत्स्वर्गमतुलं रणानन्तरमव्ययम् ॥१४॥

14. ko hi jānannabhijanamātmanaḥ kṣatriyo nṛpa ,
nāviśetsvargamatulaṁ raṇānantaramavyayam.

14. kaḥ hi jānan abhijanam ātmanaḥ kṣatriyaḥ nṛpa
na āviśet svargam atulam raṇānantaram avyayam

14. Indeed, O King, what kṣatriya (warrior), knowing his own (ātman) noble lineage, would not attain the unequalled and imperishable heaven immediately after battle?

14. איזה לוחם, היודע את מוצאו, לא ייכנס מיד אחרי הקרב לשמים שאין שני להם ואינם כלים?

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - what (kind of) (who?)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely)

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing

• अभिजनम् (abhijanam) - noble lineage (noble birth, lineage, origin)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - one's own (of oneself, one's own, of the self (ātman))

• क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a kṣatriya (warrior) (a kṣatriya, warrior)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O King (king)

• न (na) - not

• आविशेत् (āviśet) - would enter (or attain) (would enter, should enter)

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (heaven, celestial world)

• अतुलम् (atulam) - unequalled (unequalled, incomparable)

• रणानन्तरम् (raṇānantaram) - immediately after battle

• अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable (imperishable, eternal, indeclinable)

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - what (kind of) (who?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

जानन् (jānan) - knowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñā

jñā - to know, understand

Present Active Participle

From root `jñā`, present stem `jānā`, `śatṛ` suffix.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Acts as a participle, modifying `kṣatriyaḥ`.

अभिजनम् (abhijanam) - noble lineage (noble birth, lineage, origin)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhijana

abhijana - noble birth, lineage, family, race, origin

From `abhi` + root `jan`.

Prefix: abhi

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of `jānan`.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - one's own (of oneself, one's own, of the self (ātman))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, vital breath, the supreme spirit (ātman)

Root: an

Note: Possessive, modifying `abhijanam`.

क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a kṣatriya (warrior) (a kṣatriya, warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class

Note: Subject of the sentence.

नृप (nṛpa) - O King (king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (literally 'protector of men')

`nṛ` (man) + `pa` (protector, from root `pā`).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, preserver
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root `pā`.
  Root: pā

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb `āviśet`.

आविशेत् (āviśet) - would enter (or attain) (would enter, should enter)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of āviś

Optative mode

From root `viś` with prefix `ā`.

Prefix: ā

Root: viś (class 6)

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (heaven, celestial world)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial world

Note: Object of `āviśet`.

अतुलम् (atulam) - unequalled (unequalled, incomparable)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atula

atula - unequalled, incomparable, peerless

`a` (negation) + `tula` (equal).

Compound type : navi-tatpuruṣa (a+tula)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• tula – equal, like, resembling
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies `svargam`.

रणानन्तरम् (raṇānantaram) - immediately after battle

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of raṇānantara

raṇānantara - immediately after battle, after war

From `raṇa` (battle) + `anantara` (immediate, next).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+anantara)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ
• anantara – immediately next, contiguous, without interval
  adjective (neuter)
  Negation of `antara` (interval).
  Prefix: an

Note: Functions adverbially.

अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable (imperishable, eternal, indeclinable)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avyaya

avyaya - imperishable, immutable, indestructible; (as noun) indeclinable word

`a` (negation) + `vyaya` (expenditure, decay).

Compound type : navi-tatpuruṣa (a+vyaya)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• vyaya – expenditure, loss, decay, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  From `vi` + root `i`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i

Note: Modifies `svargam`.

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