महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-20, verse-14

को हि जानन्नभिजनमात्मनः क्षत्रियो नृप ।
नाविशेत्स्वर्गमतुलं रणानन्तरमव्ययम् ॥१४॥

14. ko hi jānannabhijanamātmanaḥ kṣatriyo nṛpa ,
nāviśetsvargamatulaṁ raṇānantaramavyayam.

14. kaḥ hi jānan abhijanam ātmanaḥ kṣatriyaḥ nṛpa
na āviśet svargam atulam raṇānantaram avyayam

14. Indeed, O King, what kṣatriya (warrior), knowing his own (ātman) noble lineage, would not attain the unequalled and imperishable heaven immediately after battle?

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - what (kind of) (who?)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely)

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing

• अभिजनम् (abhijanam) - noble lineage (noble birth, lineage, origin)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - one's own (of oneself, one's own, of the self (ātman))

• क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a kṣatriya (warrior) (a kṣatriya, warrior)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O King (king)

• न (na) - not

• आविशेत् (āviśet) - would enter (or attain) (would enter, should enter)

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (heaven, celestial world)

• अतुलम् (atulam) - unequalled (unequalled, incomparable)

• रणानन्तरम् (raṇānantaram) - immediately after battle

• अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable (imperishable, eternal, indeclinable)

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - what (kind of) (who?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

जानन् (jānan) - knowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñā

jñā - to know, understand

Present Active Participle

From root `jñā`, present stem `jānā`, `śatṛ` suffix.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Acts as a participle, modifying `kṣatriyaḥ`.

अभिजनम् (abhijanam) - noble lineage (noble birth, lineage, origin)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhijana

abhijana - noble birth, lineage, family, race, origin

From `abhi` + root `jan`.

Prefix: abhi

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of `jānan`.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - one's own (of oneself, one's own, of the self (ātman))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, vital breath, the supreme spirit (ātman)

Root: an

Note: Possessive, modifying `abhijanam`.

क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a kṣatriya (warrior) (a kṣatriya, warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class

Note: Subject of the sentence.

नृप (nṛpa) - O King (king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (literally 'protector of men')

`nṛ` (man) + `pa` (protector, from root `pā`).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, preserver
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root `pā`.
  Root: pā

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb `āviśet`.

आविशेत् (āviśet) - would enter (or attain) (would enter, should enter)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of āviś

Optative mode

From root `viś` with prefix `ā`.

Prefix: ā

Root: viś (class 6)

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (heaven, celestial world)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial world

Note: Object of `āviśet`.

अतुलम् (atulam) - unequalled (unequalled, incomparable)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atula

atula - unequalled, incomparable, peerless

`a` (negation) + `tula` (equal).

Compound type : navi-tatpuruṣa (a+tula)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• tula – equal, like, resembling
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies `svargam`.

रणानन्तरम् (raṇānantaram) - immediately after battle

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of raṇānantara

raṇānantara - immediately after battle, after war

From `raṇa` (battle) + `anantara` (immediate, next).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+anantara)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ
• anantara – immediately next, contiguous, without interval
  adjective (neuter)
  Negation of `antara` (interval).
  Prefix: an

Note: Functions adverbially.

अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable (imperishable, eternal, indeclinable)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avyaya

avyaya - imperishable, immutable, indestructible; (as noun) indeclinable word

`a` (negation) + `vyaya` (expenditure, decay).

Compound type : navi-tatpuruṣa (a+vyaya)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• vyaya – expenditure, loss, decay, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  From `vi` + root `i`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i

Note: Modifies `svargam`.