महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-73, verse-31

ते भग्नमनसः सर्वे त्रैगर्तकमहारथाः ।
दिशो विदुद्रुवुः सर्वा धनंजयशरार्दिताः ॥३१॥

31. te bhagnamanasaḥ sarve traigartakamahārathāḥ ,
diśo vidudruvuḥ sarvā dhanaṁjayaśarārditāḥ.

31. te bhagnamanasaḥ sarve traigartakamahārathāḥ
diśaḥ vidudruvuḥ sarvāḥ dhanañjayaśarārditāḥ

31. te sarve traigartakamahārathāḥ bhagnamanasaḥ
dhanañjayaśarārditāḥ sarvāḥ diśaḥ vidudruvuḥ

31. All those great charioteers of Trigarta, their spirits broken and tormented by Arjuna's (Dhanañjaya's) arrows, fled in all directions.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those (warriors) (those, they)

• भग्नमनसः (bhagnamanasaḥ) - with broken spirits (with broken spirits, disheartened, dispirited)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

• त्रैगर्तकमहारथाः (traigartakamahārathāḥ) - the great charioteers from the Trigarta kingdom (the great charioteers of Trigarta)

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions (directions, quarters of the sky)

• विदुद्रुवुः (vidudruvuḥ) - they fled in different directions (they fled, they ran away in different directions)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (directions) (all, every)

• धनञ्जयशरार्दिताः (dhanañjayaśarārditāḥ) - afflicted by the arrows of Arjuna (Dhanañjaya) (tormented by Arjuna's arrows)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those (warriors) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject pronoun referring to the warriors.

भग्नमनसः (bhagnamanasaḥ) - with broken spirits (with broken spirits, disheartened, dispirited)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhagnamanas

bhagnamanas - broken-hearted, dispirited, disheartened

Compound: bhagna (broken) + manas (mind/spirit)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhagna+manas)

• bhagna – broken, shattered, defeated
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from √bhañj (to break)
  Root: bhañj (class 7)
• manas – mind, spirit, intellect
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man

Note: Agrees with 'te' and 'mahārathāḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'te' and 'mahārathāḥ'.

त्रैगर्तकमहारथाः (traigartakamahārathāḥ) - the great charioteers from the Trigarta kingdom (the great charioteers of Trigarta)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of traigartakamahāratha

traigartakamahāratha - great charioteer of Trigarta

Compound: Traigartaka (from Trigarta) + mahāratha (great charioteer)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (traigartaka+mahāratha)

• traigartaka – belonging to Trigarta, a native of Trigarta
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Derived from Trigarta (a country/people) with -ka suffix
• mahāratha – great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting many thousands of others
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: mahā (great) + ratha (chariot/warrior)

Note: The primary subject noun phrase.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions (directions, quarters of the sky)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'vidudruvuḥ', indicating the direction of flight.

विदुद्रुवुः (vidudruvuḥ) - they fled in different directions (they fled, they ran away in different directions)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of dru

Perfect active third plural

Formed from vi-√dru (to run apart, flee)

Prefix: vi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (directions) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'diśaḥ'.

धनञ्जयशरार्दिताः (dhanañjayaśarārditāḥ) - afflicted by the arrows of Arjuna (Dhanañjaya) (tormented by Arjuna's arrows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhanañjayaśarārdita

dhanañjayaśarārdita - tormented/afflicted by Arjuna's arrows

Compound: Dhanañjayaśara (Arjuna's arrows) + ardita (tormented)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanañjaya+śara+ardita)

• dhanañjaya – Arjuna
  proper noun (masculine)
• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ
• ardita – tormented, afflicted, wounded
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from √ard (to torment, distress)
  Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'te' and 'mahārathāḥ'.