महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-73, verse-16

केतुवर्मण्यभिहते धृतवर्मा महारथः ।
रथेनाशु समावृत्य शरैर्जिष्णुमवाकिरत् ॥१६॥

16. ketuvarmaṇyabhihate dhṛtavarmā mahārathaḥ ,
rathenāśu samāvṛtya śarairjiṣṇumavākirat.

16. ketuvarmāṇi abhihate dhṛtavarmā mahārathaḥ |
rathena āśu samāvṛtya śaraiḥ jiṣṇum avākirat

16. ketuvarmāṇi abhihate dhṛtavarmā mahārathaḥ
rathena āśu samāvṛtya śaraiḥ jiṣṇum avākirat

16. When Ketuvarman was struck, Dhritavarman, a great charioteer, quickly turning with his chariot, showered Jishnu (Arjuna) with arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• केतुवर्माणि (ketuvarmāṇi) - when Ketuvarman (was struck) (on Ketuvarman)

• अभिहते (abhihate) - having been struck (struck, wounded, attacked)

• धृतवर्मा (dhṛtavarmā) - Dhritavarman, a warrior (Dhritavarman (proper name))

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer (great charioteer, mighty warrior)

• रथेन (rathena) - with his chariot (with the chariot, by means of the chariot)

• आशु (āśu) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

• समावृत्य (samāvṛtya) - having turned (his chariot around) (having turned, having surrounded, having covered)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• जिष्णुम् (jiṣṇum) - Jishnu (Arjuna) (Jishnu (name of Arjuna), victorious)

• अवाकिरत् (avākirat) - showered (with arrows) (showered, scattered, covered)

Words meanings and morphology

केतुवर्माणि (ketuvarmāṇi) - when Ketuvarman (was struck) (on Ketuvarman)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ketuvarman

ketuvarman - Ketuvarman (proper name)

Note: Locative absolute construction with `abhihate`.

अभिहते (abhihate) - having been struck (struck, wounded, attacked)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of abhihata

abhihata - struck, hit, attacked

Past Passive Participle

From prefix abhi- and root √han (to strike, kill).

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Locative absolute construction with `ketuvarmāṇi`.

धृतवर्मा (dhṛtavarmā) - Dhritavarman, a warrior (Dhritavarman (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtavarman

dhṛtavarman - Dhritavarman (proper name)

Note: Subject of `avākirat`.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer (great charioteer, mighty warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior

Compound of mahā (great) and ratha (chariot, warrior).

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (in a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Apposition to `dhṛtavarmā`.

रथेन (rathena) - with his chariot (with the chariot, by means of the chariot)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Instrument of `samāvṛtya`.

आशु (āśu) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying `samāvṛtya`.

समावृत्य (samāvṛtya) - having turned (his chariot around) (having turned, having surrounded, having covered)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From prefixes sam- and ā- and root √vṛt (1st class, vartate).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Connects to the main verb `avākirat`.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

From root √śṝ 'to injure, crush'.

Root: śṝ (class 9)

Note: Instrument of showering.

जिष्णुम् (jiṣṇum) - Jishnu (Arjuna) (Jishnu (name of Arjuna), victorious)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jiṣṇu

jiṣṇu - victorious, triumphant; a name of Arjuna

Derived from root √ji (to conquer, to win).

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of `avākirat`.

अवाकिरत् (avākirat) - showered (with arrows) (showered, scattered, covered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

From prefix ava- and root √kṛ (6th class, kirati).

Prefix: ava

Root: kṛ (class 6)

Note: Formed with upasarga ava-.