महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-73, verse-13

स ताञ्ज्यापुङ्खनिर्मुक्तैर्बहुभिः सुबहूञ्शरान् ।
चिच्छेद पाण्डवो राजंस्ते भूमौ न्यपतंस्तदा ॥१३॥

13. sa tāñjyāpuṅkhanirmuktairbahubhiḥ subahūñśarān ,
ciccheda pāṇḍavo rājaṁste bhūmau nyapataṁstadā.

13. saḥ tān jyāpuṅkhanirmuktaiḥ bahubhiḥ subahūn śarān
| ciccheda pāṇḍavaḥ rājan te bhūmau nyapatan tadā

13. rājan saḥ pāṇḍavaḥ jyāpuṅkhanirmuktaiḥ bahubhiḥ
subahūn śarān tān ciccheda tadā te bhūmau nyapatan

13. O King, that Pāṇḍava then severed those (incoming arrows) with many, very many arrows released from his bowstring's nock, and they (the severed arrows) fell to the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (the Pāṇḍava) (he, that)

• तान् (tān) - those (incoming arrows) (them, those)

• ज्यापुङ्खनिर्मुक्तैः (jyāpuṅkhanirmuktaiḥ) - released from the bowstring's nock (referring to arrows) (released from the bowstring's nock)

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many (arrows) (by many)

• सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many (arrows) (very many, exceedingly many)

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows (used by the Pāṇḍava) (arrows)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - severed (the incoming arrows) (cut, severed, broke)

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - the Pāṇḍava (Arjuna or any of the Pāṇḍavas) (descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative address) (O king)

• ते (te) - they (the severed arrows) (they, those)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

• न्यपतन् (nyapatan) - fell down (to the ground) (fell down)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (the Pāṇḍava) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तान् (tān) - those (incoming arrows) (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ज्यापुङ्खनिर्मुक्तैः (jyāpuṅkhanirmuktaiḥ) - released from the bowstring's nock (referring to arrows) (released from the bowstring's nock)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jyāpuṅkhanirmukta

jyāpuṅkhanirmukta - released from the bowstring's nock

Past Passive Participle

Compound of jyā (bowstring), puṅkha (nock), nirmukta (released). nirmukta from √muc 'to release' with nir-.

Compound type : tatpurusha (jyā+puṅkha+nirmukta)

• jyā – bowstring
  noun (feminine)
• puṅkha – nock (of an arrow), tail (of an arrow)
  noun (masculine)
• nirmukta – released, set free, discharged
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix nir- and root √muc (6th class, muñcati)
  Prefix: nir
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Adjective agreeing with `śarān` (even though `śarān` is acc., this is instrumental, implying 'by means of arrows which are released...') or 'bahubhiḥ'.

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many (arrows) (by many)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, abundant

Note: Agrees with `śarān` and `jyāpuṅkhanirmuktaiḥ` in number, case, gender.

सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many (arrows) (very many, exceedingly many)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of subahu

subahu - very many, exceedingly many

Compound of su- (good, intense) and bahu (many).

Compound type : karmadharaya (su+bahu)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• bahu – many, much, abundant
  adjective

Note: Agrees with `śarān`.

शरान् (śarān) - arrows (used by the Pāṇḍava) (arrows)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

From root √śṝ 'to injure, crush'.

Root: śṝ (class 9)

Note: Object of `ciccheda`.

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - severed (the incoming arrows) (cut, severed, broke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of chid

Root: chid (class 7)

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - the Pāṇḍava (Arjuna or any of the Pāṇḍavas) (descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

Derived from Pāṇḍu (name of king) with a secondary suffix -a (aptya sense, descendant).

Note: Subject of `ciccheda`.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative address) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

ते (te) - they (the severed arrows) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of `nyapatan`. Refers to the arrows that were cut.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

Note: Location where arrows fell.

न्यपतन् (nyapatan) - fell down (to the ground) (fell down)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Formed with upasarga ni- and root √pat.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal base tad- (that).

Note: Temporal adverb.