महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-73, verse-14

केतुवर्मा तु तेजस्वी तस्यैवावरजो युवा ।
युयुधे भ्रातुरर्थाय पाण्डवेन महात्मना ॥१४॥

14. ketuvarmā tu tejasvī tasyaivāvarajo yuvā ,
yuyudhe bhrāturarthāya pāṇḍavena mahātmanā.

14. ketuvarmā tu tejasvī tasya eva avarajaḥ yuvā
| yuyudhe bhrātuḥ arthāya pāṇḍavena mahātmanā

14. tu tejasvī yuvā tasya eva avarajaḥ ketuvarmā
bhrātuḥ arthāya mahātmanā pāṇḍavena yuyudhe

14. But the spirited Ketuvarman, his own younger brother, a young man, fought for his (elder) brother's sake against the great-souled Pāṇḍava.

Words meanings summery:

• केतुवर्मा (ketuvarmā) - Ketuvarman, a warrior (Ketuvarman (proper name))

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - spirited (brilliant, spirited, radiant)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Ketuvarman's elder brother, implicitly the one for whom he fights) (his, of that)

• एव (eva) - own (emphasizing connection) (only, indeed, just)

• अवरजः (avarajaḥ) - younger brother (younger brother, born after)

• युवा (yuvā) - young man

• युयुधे (yuyudhe) - fought (against the Pāṇḍava) (fought)

• भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - for his (Ketuvarman's) brother's (of a brother)

• अर्थाय (arthāya) - for the sake of (for the sake of, for the purpose of, for wealth)

• पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - against the Pāṇḍava (instrumental of agency/opposition with `yudh`) (by the Pāṇḍava)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (Pāṇḍava) (by the great-souled, by the noble)

Words meanings and morphology

केतुवर्मा (ketuvarmā) - Ketuvarman, a warrior (Ketuvarman (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ketuvarman

ketuvarman - Ketuvarman (proper name)

Note: Subject of `yuyudhe`.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - spirited (brilliant, spirited, radiant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tejasvin

tejasvin - brilliant, glorious, spirited, powerful

Derived from tejas (brilliance, energy) with suffix -vin.

Note: Agrees with `ketuvarmā`.

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Ketuvarman's elder brother, implicitly the one for whom he fights) (his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Possessive, refers to the possessor of the younger brother.

एव (eva) - own (emphasizing connection) (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अवरजः (avarajaḥ) - younger brother (younger brother, born after)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaraja

avaraja - younger brother, born after

Compound of ava- (after) and -ja (born, from √jan).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ava+ja)

• ava – down, off, away, after
  indeclinable
  Prefix/upasarga.
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  Agent Noun/Kṛt suffix
  Derived from root √jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with `ketuvarmā`.

युवा (yuvā) - young man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuvan

yuvan - young man, youthful

Note: Agrees with `ketuvarmā`.

युयुधे (yuyudhe) - fought (against the Pāṇḍava) (fought)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Atmanepada form.

भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - for his (Ketuvarman's) brother's (of a brother)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Governs `arthāya`.

अर्थाय (arthāya) - for the sake of (for the sake of, for the purpose of, for wealth)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, object

Note: Follows `bhrātuḥ` in meaning 'for the sake of'.

पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - against the Pāṇḍava (instrumental of agency/opposition with `yudh`) (by the Pāṇḍava)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

Derived from Pāṇḍu (name of king) with a secondary suffix -a (aptya sense, descendant).

Note: Agent in the fight, or the one fought with/against.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (Pāṇḍava) (by the great-souled, by the noble)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

Compound of mahā (great) and ātman (self (ātman), soul).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self (ātman), soul, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `pāṇḍavena`.