महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-6, verse-25

पृच्छेत्त्वां यदि केनाहं तवाख्यात इति स्म ह ।
ब्रूयास्त्वं नारदेनेति संतप्त इव शत्रुहन् ॥२५॥

25. pṛcchettvāṁ yadi kenāhaṁ tavākhyāta iti sma ha ,
brūyāstvaṁ nāradeneti saṁtapta iva śatruhan.

25. pṛcchet tvām yadi kena aham tava ākhyātaḥ iti sma
ha brūyāḥ tvam nāradena iti saṃtaptaḥ iva śatruhant

25. śatruhant yadi saḥ tvām pṛcchet "aham kena tava ākhyātaḥ"
iti sma ha tvam "nāradena" iti brūyāḥ saṃtaptaḥ iva

25. If he asks you, 'By whom have I been told to you?', you should say, 'By Nārada,' as if distressed, O destroyer of enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• पृच्छेत् (pṛcchet) - he should ask, he would ask

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

• यदि (yadi) - if, whether

• केन (kena) - by whom, by what

• अहम् (aham) - I (nominative)

• तव (tava) - to you (for your knowledge) (of you, to you, your)

• आख्यातः (ākhyātaḥ) - told, related, announced

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

• स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense or emphasis

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly, particle of emphasis

• ब्रूयाः (brūyāḥ) - you should say, you should speak

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (nominative)

• नारदेन (nāradena) - by Nārada

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

• संतप्तः (saṁtaptaḥ) - distressed, afflicted, tormented

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• शत्रुहन्त् (śatruhant) - O destroyer of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

पृच्छेत् (pṛcchet) - he should ask, he would ask

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of prach

Optative Active

Root prach (class 6, parasmaipada)

Root: prach (class 6)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

Second person pronoun, singular accusative

यदि (yadi) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

केन (kena) - by whom, by what

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun)

Interrogative pronoun, masculine/neuter singular instrumental

Note: Refers to the agent in a passive construction.

अहम् (aham) - I (nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

First person pronoun, singular nominative

तव (tava) - to you (for your knowledge) (of you, to you, your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

Second person pronoun, singular genitive

Note: In this context, it implies 'to you' or 'for your knowledge'.

आख्यातः (ākhyātaḥ) - told, related, announced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khyā

khyā - to tell, relate, say, announce

Past Passive Participle

Root khyā (class 2, ātmanepada) with prefix ā (to, towards). Formed with suffix -ta.

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'aham'.

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to mark direct speech or a thought.

स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense or emphasis

(indeclinable)

Note: Often pairs with 'ha' for narrative emphasis.

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly, particle of emphasis

(indeclinable)

ब्रूयाः (brūyāḥ) - you should say, you should speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of brū

Optative Active

Root brū (class 2, parasmaipada)

Root: brū (class 2)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

Second person pronoun, singular nominative

नारदेन (nāradena) - by Nārada

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (name of a divine sage)

From nara (man) + da (giving, from root dā); 'giver of men' or 'one who delights men' (narān dadāti iti)

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the direct quote.

संतप्तः (saṁtaptaḥ) - distressed, afflicted, tormented

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃtapta

saṁtapta - distressed, afflicted, tormented, heated, burnt

Past Passive Participle

From root tap (to heat, suffer) with prefix sam (completely, together)

Prefix: sam

Root: tap (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

शत्रुहन्त् (śatruhant) - O destroyer of enemies

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śatruhant

śatruhant - destroyer of enemies, slayer of foes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+han)

• śatru – enemy, foe, adversary
  noun (masculine)
• han – slayer, killer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun/stem
  From root han (to strike, slay) with suffix -n
  Root: han (class 2)