महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-59, verse-7

प्राधान्यतस्तु गदतः समासेनैव मे शृणु ।
कर्माणि पृथिवीशानां यथावदमरद्युते ॥७॥

7. prādhānyatastu gadataḥ samāsenaiva me śṛṇu ,
karmāṇi pṛthivīśānāṁ yathāvadamaradyute.

7. prādhānyataḥ tu gadataḥ samāsena eva me śṛṇu
karmāṇi pṛthivīśānām yathāvat amaradyute

7. amaradyute me gadataḥ prādhānyataḥ tu samāsena
eva pṛthivīśānām karmāṇi yathāvat śṛṇu

7. O one with divine splendor (amaradyute), listen to me as I speak concisely and primarily about the proper actions (karma) of kings.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राधान्यतः (prādhānyataḥ) - mainly, primarily, pre-eminently

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, and

• गदतः (gadataḥ) - while speaking, of one speaking

• समासेन (samāsena) - concisely, briefly, in summary

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• मे (me) - (listen) from me (speaking) (to me, for me, my)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions, deeds, duties

• पृथिवीशानाम् (pṛthivīśānām) - of the lords of the earth, of kings

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, exactly, as it should be, accordingly

• अमरद्युते (amaradyute) - Addressing a celestial or highly respected individual. (O one with divine splendor, O radiant one like an immortal)

Words meanings and morphology

प्राधान्यतः (prādhānyataḥ) - mainly, primarily, pre-eminently

(indeclinable)

From `prādhānya` (pre-eminence, superiority) + suffix `tas` (indicating 'from, by reason of').

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, and

(indeclinable)

गदतः (gadataḥ) - while speaking, of one speaking

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gadat

gadat - speaking, telling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root `gad` (to speak, tell) + `śatṛ` (present participle suffix).

Root: gad (class 1)

समासेन (samāsena) - concisely, briefly, in summary

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of samāsa

samāsa - a compound, summary, brevity

From `sam` + `as` (to throw, to put together).

Prefix: sam

Root: as (class 4)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - (listen) from me (speaking) (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I

Note: `śṛṇu me` means "listen to me" (dative usage). It also implicitly refers to "of me speaking" for `gadataḥ`.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative 2nd Person Singular

Root `śru`, 5th class verb (śṛṇoti).

Root: śru (class 5)

कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions, deeds, duties

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of karma

karma - action, deed, duty, ritual, fate

From root `kṛ` (to do) + suffix `man`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Accusative plural, object of `gadataḥ` (speaking about).

पृथिवीशानाम् (pṛthivīśānām) - of the lords of the earth, of kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pṛthivīśa

pṛthivīśa - lord of the earth, king, ruler

Compound of `pṛthivī` (earth) and `īśa` (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+īśa)

• pṛthivī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root `īś` (to rule, to be master of).
  Root: īś (class 2)

यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, exactly, as it should be, accordingly

(indeclinable)

From `yathā` (as, in which way) + suffix `vat`.

अमरद्युते (amaradyute) - Addressing a celestial or highly respected individual. (O one with divine splendor, O radiant one like an immortal)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of amaradyuti

amaradyuti - splendor of immortals, one having divine splendor

Compound of `amara` (immortal, god) and `dyuti` (splendor, radiance).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amara+dyuti)

• amara – immortal, god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  From `a-` (not) + `mṛ` (to die).
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• dyuti – splendor, radiance, luster
  noun (feminine)
  From root `dyut` (to shine).
  Root: dyut (class 1)