महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-59, verse-22

हते कर्णे तु कौरव्या निरुत्साहा हतौजसः ।
अक्षौहिणीभिस्तिसृभिर्मद्रेशं पर्यवारयन् ॥२२॥

22. hate karṇe tu kauravyā nirutsāhā hataujasaḥ ,
akṣauhiṇībhistisṛbhirmadreśaṁ paryavārayan.

22. hate karṇe tu kauravyāḥ nirutsāhāḥ hataojasaḥ
akṣauhiṇībhiḥ tisṛbhiḥ madreśam paryavārayan

22. tu karṇe hate kauravyāḥ nirutsāhāḥ hataojasaḥ
tisṛbhiḥ akṣauhiṇībhiḥ madreśam paryavārayan

22. However, when Karṇa was slain, the Kauravas, disheartened and devoid of vigor, rallied around the King of Madras (Śalya) with the three remaining akṣauhiṇīs.

Words meanings summery:

• हते (hate) - when slain (when slain, in the slain)

• कर्णे (karṇe) - (when) Karṇa (was slain) (in Karṇa, on Karṇa)

• तु (tu) - however (but, however, indeed)

• कौरव्याः (kauravyāḥ) - the Kauravas (the Kauravas, descendants of Kuru)

• निरुत्साहाः (nirutsāhāḥ) - disheartened (without enthusiasm, dispirited)

• हतओजसः (hataojasaḥ) - devoid of vigor (whose strength is destroyed, powerless)

• अक्षौहिणीभिः (akṣauhiṇībhiḥ) - by akṣauhiṇīs (by akṣauhiṇīs (a division of army))

• तिसृभिः (tisṛbhiḥ) - by three

• मद्रेशम् (madreśam) - to the King of Madras (Śalya) (to the king of Madras)

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they rallied around (or surrounded) (they surrounded, they protected, they obstructed)

Words meanings and morphology

हते (hate) - when slain (when slain, in the slain)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'karṇe'.

कर्णे (karṇe) - (when) Karṇa (was slain) (in Karṇa, on Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (a celebrated hero of the Mahābhārata)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'hate'.

तु (tu) - however (but, however, indeed)

(indeclinable)

कौरव्याः (kauravyāḥ) - the Kauravas (the Kauravas, descendants of Kuru)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru; a Kaurava

patronymic from Kuru

Note: Refers to the Kauravas, Duryodhana's side.

निरुत्साहाः (nirutsāhāḥ) - disheartened (without enthusiasm, dispirited)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirutsāha

nirutsāha - without enthusiasm, dispirited, dejected

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+utsāha)

• nis – without, out, away
  prefix
• utsāha – energy, enthusiasm, vigor
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ud

Note: Agrees with 'kauravyāḥ'.

हतओजसः (hataojasaḥ) - devoid of vigor (whose strength is destroyed, powerless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hataojas

hataojas - whose strength is destroyed, deprived of vigor

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hata+ojas)

• hata – slain, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root han
  Root: han (class 2)
• ojas – strength, vigor, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'kauravyāḥ'.

अक्षौहिणीभिः (akṣauhiṇībhiḥ) - by akṣauhiṇīs (by akṣauhiṇīs (a division of army))

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of akṣauhiṇī

akṣauhiṇī - a complete army, consisting of 21,870 chariots, as many elephants, 65,610 horse, and 109,350 foot

तिसृभिः (tisṛbhiḥ) - by three

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'akṣauhiṇībhiḥ'.

मद्रेशम् (madreśam) - to the King of Madras (Śalya) (to the king of Madras)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madreśa

madreśa - king of the Madras

Compound type : tatpurusha (madra+īśa)

• madra – name of a country or people
  proper noun (masculine)
• īśa – lord, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Śalya.

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they rallied around (or surrounded) (they surrounded, they protected, they obstructed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛ

causative form with upasargas pari and ava

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)